History of Joko Widodo (Jokowi), the 7th President of Indonesia

Ir. H. Joko Widodo was born in Surakarta, Central Java, on June 21, 1961 or more familiarly called Jokowi is the 7th President of the Republic of Indonesia, took office since October 20, 2014. He was elected with Vice President Muhammad Jusuf Kalla in the 2014 Presidential Election. Jokowi has served as Jakarta Governor since October 15, 2012 until October 16, 2014, accompanied by Basuki Tjahaja Purnama as vice governor. Previously, he was the Mayor of Surakarta (Solo), from July 28, 2005 until October 1, 2012 accompanied by F.X. Hadi Rudyatmo as deputy mayor. Two years into his second term as Mayor of Solo, Jokowi was appointed by his party, Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P), to fight in the election of the Governor of DKI Jakarta with Basuki Tjahaja Purnama (Ahok).
Joko Widodo comes from a simple family. In fact, his home had been evicted three times, when he was a child, but he was able to complete his education at the Faculty of Forestry, University of Gajah Mada. After graduation, he pursue his profession as a furniture entrepreneur. His political career began with the Mayor of Surakarta in 2005. His name became known after being considered successful in changing the face of Surakarta City into a city of tourism, cultural city, and batik city. On September 20, 2012, Jokowi won the 2012 elections. His victory is considered to reflect popular support for a "young" and "clean" leader, even though he is over fifty years old.
Since his election as governor, his popularity continues to soar and become the media spotlight. As a result, there is a discourse to make it a presidential candidate for the 2014 Indonesian presidential election. Plus, the survey results show, the name Jokowi continues to excel. At first, PDI-P Chairperson Megawati Soekarnoputri declared that she would not announce a PDI-P candidate for president until after the April 9 legislative elections. However, on March 14, 2014, Jokowi received a mandate from Megawati to run as a presidential candidate, Three weeks before the legislative elections and two days before the campaign.

Childhood and family

Joko Widodo was born to the couple Noto Mihardjo and Sudjiatmi and was the eldest son and the only son of four siblings. He has three sisters named Iit Sriyantini, Ida Yati and Titik Relawati. He actually had a younger brother named Joko Lukito, but died in labor. Before renaming, Joko Widodo has a small name Mulyono. His father came from Karanganyar, while his grandparents came from a village in Boyolali. His education begins with the entrance of Elementary School 112 Tirtoyoso known as a school for the middle to lower class.
With the difficulty of life he experienced, he was forced to trade, mocking umbrellas, and so porters to seek their own school needs and pocket money everyday. As other children to school by bicycle, he chose to keep walking. Inheriting his carpentry expertise from his father, he began to work as a sawmill at the age of 12 years. Little Jokowi has been evicted three times. The eviction he experienced three times in his childhood affected his way of thinking and his future leadership after becoming the mayor of Surakarta when he had to discipline the settlements.
After graduating from elementary school, he then continued his education at SMP Negeri 1 Surakarta. When he graduated junior high school, he had wanted to go to SMA Negeri 1 Surakarta, but failed so that eventually he went to SMA Negeri 6 Surakarta. After high school he was accepted in the Department of Forestry, Faculty of Forestry, University of Gajah Mada
Jokowi married Iriana in Solo on December 24, 1986, and had 3 children, Gibran Rakabuming Raka (1988), Kahiyang Ayu (1991), and Kaesang Pangarep (1995).

Lecture period and entrepreneurship

With his academic ability, he was accepted at the Forestry Department, Faculty of Forestry, Gajah Mada University. This opportunity is used to learn the structure of wood, utilization, and technology. He successfully completed his education with the title of "Thesis on Plywood Consumption Pattern in End Usage in Kodya Surakarta". In addition to lectures, he is also listed as an active member of Mapala silvagama.
After graduating in 1985, he worked for PT Kertas Kraft Aceh State Enterprise, and was placed in the Merkusii Pine Forest area in Gayo Highlands, Central Aceh. But he felt uncomfortable and went home following his wife who was seven months pregnant. He is determined to do business in the field of wood and work in the business of his uncle, Miyono, under the banner of CV Roda Jati. In 1988, he ventured to open his own business under the name CV Rakabu, which was taken from the name of his first child. His efforts had succeeded and also up and down due to deceived orders that ultimately are not paid. But in 1990 he recovered with a capital loan of Rp 30 million from his mother.
This business led him to meet Micl Romaknan, who eventually gave him a popular call up to now, "Jokowi". With his honesty and hard work, he gained confidence and could travel around Europe that opened his eyes. A good city arrangement in Europe inspired him to be applied in Solo and inspired him to enter politics. He wants to apply human leadership and create a friendly city for its inhabitants, Surakarta.

Political gait

Mayor of Surakarta

In the Solo city elections in 2005, Jokowi was promoted by the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P) and the National Awakening Party (PKB) to advance as candidate for the mayor of Surakarta. He won the election with a percentage of 36.62%. After being elected, with various experiences in his youth, he developed a previously poorly organized Solo and faced various public objections to discipline. Under his leadership, Solo experienced a change and became a study at universities at home and abroad. One of them is Jokowi's political communication ability which is different from most other political communication styles of other leaders at that time, which became the study research of University of Indonesia graduate students.
Under his leadership, the Solo Bat Bat bus was introduced, areas such as Slamet Riyadi and Ngarsopuro Roads were rejuvenated, and Solo hosted international events. In addition, Jokowi is also known for his approach in relocating street vendors who "humanize human beings". Thanks to this achievement, in 2010 he was re-elected as Mayor of Surakarta with a vote exceeding 90%. Then, in 2012, he was nominated by the PDI-P as a candidate for the Governor of DKI Jakarta.

Governor of DKI Jakarta

Pilkada 2012 round I
Jokowi is personally requested by Jusuf Kalla to run for Jakarta Governor at the 2012 Jakarta Gubernatorial Election. Since he is a PDI Perjuangan cadre, Jusuf Kalla asks for support from Megawati Soekarnoputri, who initially looks doubtful. Meanwhile Prabowo Subianto also lobbied the PDI Perjuangan to be willing to support Jokowi as a candidate for governor for needing 9 more seats to be able to nominate candidates for governor. At that time, the PDI Perjuangan almost chose to support Fauzi Bowo and Jokowi himself almost refused to be nominated. As his representative, Basuki Tjahaja Purnama who was then a member of the House was nominated to accompany Jokowi by moving to Gerindra because Golkar has agreed to support Alex Noerdin as a Candidate Governor.
The couple was initially unseeded. This is evident from the claim of the first candidate reinforced by the Indonesian Survey Circle that the pair of Fauzi Bowo and Nachrowi Ramli will win the elections in 1 round. In addition, the PKS, which scooped more than 42 percent of votes for Adang Daradjatun in the 2007 elections, also brought Hidayat Nur Wahid, who has been known by the people as the Chairman of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR RI) for the 2004-2009 period. Compared to other parties, PDI-P and Gerindra only got 11 and 6 seats respectively out of 94 seats, compared to 32 Democrats' seats for Fauzi Bowo and 18 chairs of PKS for Hidayat Nur Wahid. But LP3ES has predicted that Jokowi and Fauzi Bowo will meet in the second round.
A quick count conducted by a number of survey agencies on election day, July 11, 2012 and a day after that, showed Jokowi leading, with Fauzi Bowo second. The couple turned out to win the 2012 Jakarta regional election because of Jokowi's proximity to Hidayat Nur Wahid during the 2010 Solo Mayoral election as well as supporters Faisal Basri and Alex Noerdin from the survey results tend to switch to him.

Pilkada 2012 round II
Jokowi tried to contact and visit all candidates, including Fauzi Bowo, but only managed to stay in touch with Hidayat Nur Wahid and raised the speculation of a coalition in the second round. Afterwards, Fauzi Bowo also met with Hidayat Nur Wahid.
But the situation turned around after the other parties supporting the other candidates in the first round instead expressed support to Fauzi Bowo. Jokowi's relationship with PKS also worsened with allegations that Jokowi's successful team raised the issue of political dowry Rp50 billion. The PKS called for this issue to be suspended, while Jokowi's success team rejected accusations of mentioning the rate. The condition of losing potential support from the big parties claimed Jokowi as a phenomenon of "People's Coalition against Party Coalition". This claim is denied by the Democratic Party because the PDI-P and Gerindra remain a political party that supports Jokowi, unlike Faisal Basri and Hendrardji who are independent candidates. Jokowi finally got support from important figures such as Misbakhun from PKS, Jusuf Kalla from Golkar Party, Indra J Piliang from Golkar Party, [and Father Heri who is Fauzi Bowo's brother-in-law.
The political struggle also penetrated into the world of social media with the launch of Jasmev, the establishment of a media center, as well as the utilization of new media in political campaigns such as Youtube. Parties Fauzi Bowo also declared down to social media, but acknowledged the advantages of successful teams and supporters Jokowi on this channel.
The second round also colored various allegations of black campaign, which among others ranged in SARA issues, the issue of intentional fires, corruption, and transactional politics.
Ahead of the second round, various surveys re-emerged predicting Jokowi's victory, among others 36.74% versus 29.47% by SSSG, 72.48% versus 27.52% by INES, 45.13% against 37.53% in survey Elektabilitas by IndoBarometer, and 45.6% against 44.7% by the Indonesian Survey Institute.
After the second round of voting, the Indonesian Survey Institute's quick count results show the Jokowi - Ahok pair as the winner with 53.81%. While his rival, Fauzi Bowo - Nachrowi Ramli got 46.19%. Similar results were also obtained by Quick Count IndoBarometer 54.24% versus 45.76%, and five TV stations. The interim estimates by the Quick Count method were reinforced by Real Count PDI Perjuangan with 54.02% results against 45.98%, Cyrus Network of 54.72% versus 45.25%. And finally on September 29, 2012, the KPUD of DKI Jakarta assigns Jokowi - Ahok pair as new governor and vice governor of DKI for the period of 2012-2017 replacing Fauzi Bowo - Prijanto.
Before and after Jokowi became Governor of DKI Jakarta, he promised that he would add 1000 units of Transjakarta buses, then he could be contacted by a 24-hour reporter, that he would work 1 hour in the office and the rest review public services. He also said that he would not evict street vendors (PKL), and would also build a non-apartment apartment; Then he will improve the education and health system, give awards to all RT and RW chairmen, and he also promised to add public space for the adolescent of DKI. At the time elected as Governor of DKI Jakarta, problems began to arrive, and since the rainy season hit Jakarta and the problem of stalling is not over, Jakarta public began pessimistic and doubt the ability of Jokowi in overcoming the problem of the capital.

Post-Pilkada 2012
After officially winning the vote count, Jokowi is still buffeted by an issue of efforts to block his resignation by Surakarta parliament, but was denied by the DPRD. Minister of Home Affairs Gamawan Fauzi also said he would step in if this problem occurs, because the appointment of Jokowi as Governor of DKI Jakarta is not considered to violate any rules if at the time of registering as a Candidate Governor has stated ready to resign from his previous position if elected, and really To resign after being elected. But afterwards, the House of Representatives is planning changes to Law no. 34 in 2004, so that after Jokowi, the head of a region that ran for office in another area, must first resign from his position at the time of enlisting as a candidate.
For administrative reasons related to the resignation of Surakarta Mayor and Fauzi Bowo's unfinished tenure, Jokowi's inauguration was delayed from the schedule of the start of October 7, 2012 to October 15, 2012. The inauguration ceremony was colored by debate over fees due to Jokowi's statement that wanted a modest inauguration fee. DPRD subsequently lowered the cost of inauguration to Rp 550 million, from initially budgeted Rp 1.05 billion in APBD changes. Inauguration ceremony also enlivened by street vendors who eliminate wares.

Policies During Being Governor

Joko Widodo's policies during his term as Governor of DKI Jakarta are populist, such as Kampung Deret, Kartu Jakarta Sehat and Kartu Jakarta Pintar. But some have also raised public objections, such as improvements in waterways, the rejuvenation of small buses, and the sterilization of busway lanes.
At the beginning of his term, he prioritized the social assistance program through the Healthy Jakarta Card and Jakarta Smart Card, and after gaining control of the APBD, running the waterway in Jakarta through the JEDI program. Some previous government heritage transport programs such as 6 Toll Roads and Monorails are stunted. Instead, he concentrated on the mass transportation of MRT Jakarta, the addition of Transjakarta fleet, and the rejuvenation of the small bus. He also seeks to take over the management of Water Resources through the acquisition of Aetra and Palyja.
He plays a role in reducing discrimination and nepotism in the career ladder of Civil Servants in DKI Jakarta through the application of auction of office. As one of the impacts is the election of officials from minorities who are rejected by the community. For example in the case of the Head of Susan. Jokowi expressed support for Susan's village head.
During his reign, Jakarta held several creative events such as Jakarta Night Festival, People's Party, and World Keraton Festival. He also improved the cleanliness of the environment in Jakarta, among others by banning the attraction of Topeng Monyet.

Presidency

The initial nomination

After being elected as Governor of DKI Jakarta, Jokowi's popularity skyrocketed thanks to his good track record and grounded and pragmatic approach, as demonstrated through the "blusukan" program to examine the situation on the ground directly. As a result, Jokowi dominate the presidential candidate surveys and get rid of other candidates, resulting in a discourse to make him a presidential candidate. However, for months the discourse became uncertain because Jokowi's candidacy in the PDI-P had to be approved by PDI-P's Chief Megawati Soekarnoputri, and she insisted it would only decide the candidate after the April legislative elections.
However, on March 14, 2014, Megawati finally wrote a direct mandate to Jokowi to become a presidential candidate, and Jokowi announced that he was willing and ready to carry out the mandate to advance as a presidential candidate of the Republic of Indonesia in the 2014 Indonesian presidential election. He also expressed his readiness While saying "bismillah" and kissing the red and white flag at Si Pitung's house. After this announcement, the JCI index shot 152.47 points to 4,878.64, while the rupiah against the US dollar strengthened to 11.386. Jokowi's candidacy is also expected to boost PDI-P votes by up to 30% in legislative elections. However, quick count results indicate that PDI-P votes failed to reach 20%.
Five days after its declaration, on 19 March 2014 Joko Widodo was sued by the New Jakarta Advocacy Team at the Central Jakarta District Court. He is considered to violate civil law for leaving his post as governor before realizing his promises to implement a popular program. However, Home Affairs Minister Gamawan Fauzi confirmed that Jokowi's pencapresan is not against the law. He is entitled to advance and will easily obtain permission from the President without having to resign because it is regulated in Law No. 47 of 2008 on the Election of President and Vice President. A local head who wishes to advance in the Presidential Election should file a letter requesting permission to the President and Gamawan Fauzi does not feel has a reason to prevent it.
On May 19, 2014, Jokowi announced that Jusuf Kalla would be his vice-presidential candidate. The announcement as well as the declaration took place at Gedung Joeang 45 in Menteng, Jakarta. The nomination is supported by the coalition of the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle, the NasDem Party, the National Awakening Party, and the Hanura Party. On the same day, Jokowi and Jusuf Kalla formally register at the Election Commission.
Ahead of the presidential election, there are various black campaigns addressed to Jokowi, such as the issue of the puppet presidents, the doubtful Jokowi Islam, the accusation that Jokowi is a Chinese man who is the son of Oei Hong Leong, to the claim that he is a foreign and even Zionist henchman.

Policy

Jokowi started his presidency by launching Kartu Indonesia Sehat, Kartu Indonesia Pintar, and Kartu Keluarga Sejahtera. This effort by the opposition party is considered to dampen the fuel price hike. Jokowi criticized for launching a program that does not have a legal basis and violates the budgetary discipline, but this is disputed by Jusuf Kalla, with the argument that the card program is actually a continuation of an existing program that was to follow the program budget.
Starting on November 8, he attended several high-level conferences, such as APEC, Asian Summit, and G20. Jokowi reap the controversy after his presentation in front of entrepreneurs in APEC. Most railed this presentation as an effort to sell the country to foreign interests, while on the other hand his speech praised for being right on target, compared to other state president who just gave a talk floating. From APEC, Jokowi managed to bring investment commitment worth Rp300 Trillion.
Upon his return from abroad, he pointed Faisal Basri as the chairman of Oil and Gas Mafia Eradication Team, Basuki Tjahaja Purnama inaugurated as Governor of Jakarta, and announced an increase in fuel from Rp6,500 be Rp8500. This policy was followed by demonstrations in various regions in Indonesia. Jokowi wants to divert the subsidy fund for infrastructure and health development. He again reap the controversy after appointing HM Prasetyo as Attorney General. HM Prasetyo is considered not to have good experience in the prosecutor's office and is considered as a deposit of political parties.
In the field of marine, Jokowi instructed the harsh treatment of illegal fishing thieves. In addition to requesting a raid, he also hopes the ship of rule violators to be drowned.
In the field of agriculture, Jokowi distributed 1099 units of hand tractors in Subang in the hope of boosting farmers' production.
Jokowi back controversy and widespread protests from various elements of the community when proposing a single candidate Police Chief Police Commissioner General Budi Gunawan to Parliament in mid-January 2015. Budi considered as a candidate for police chief who is not clean by the public and had been a former aide to President Megawati Soekarnoputri who is regarded as a political remuneration. The day before it was passed by the Parliament as a candidate for police chief, Budi Gunawan named as a suspect by the KPK for alleged fat bank accounts. Jokowi President then decided to postpone his inauguration as police chief until the legal process that wraps Budi Gunawan finished and appointed deputy chief Pol Komjen Badrodin Haiti to carry out everyday tasks Chief of Police. In the end Badrodin Haiti was officially sworn in as Chief of Police by President Jokowi on April 17, 2015.
President Jokowi also reap a strong criticism after signing the Presidential Regulation on the Increase of Official Car Advances. Jokowi also claimed not to know the Presidential Regulation which he signed and finally revoked the Regulation.

Jokowi received a warm welcome and praise when delivering a speech before the commemoration of the 60th anniversary of the Asian-African Conference on April 22, 2015. Jokowi expressed the need to reform the United Nations and other international bodies. He is seen as brave to criticize world prestigious institutions such as the UN, the International Monetary Fund, and the World Bank. Jokowi also reap criticism from researchers United States because he is considered inconsistent in inviting foreign investors to enter Indonesia.
In the field of infrastructure, Jokowi has embarked on many development projects to catch up with Indonesia in this sector, including groundbreaking traditional market development in Papua, Trans-Sumatera Toll Road, Solo-Kertosono Toll, Makassar Port, inaugurating Lamong Bay terminal operation as part of Greater Surabaya Metropolitan Port, and so forth.
During his visit to Papua in May 2015, Jokowi freed 5 OPM political prisoners and freed foreign journalists to do coverage in Papua just like any other region in Indonesia. Jokowi reasoned that Indonesia had to think positive and trust each other. This Jokowi policy reap the pros and cons, especially among the House of Representatives which stated that the policy can make the Papua issue politicized to the outside world, because of the very sensitive issue of Papua.

Religion

Jokowi embraced Islam and told him that he first pilgrimage in 2003, and afterwards umrah at least four times. However, in the run up to the 2014 presidential election, there were numerous accusations that questioned Jokowi's Islam, so that on May 24, 2014 Jokowi declared that he was part of "Islam which is rahmatan lil alamin, a living Islam inherit and work in the state of the Republic of Indonesia upholding the 1945 Constitution . " He also declared that he was not part of an Islamic group that "as it pleases with its own brother," "oppresses other religions," "arrogant and draws swords in hand and in mouth," "likes to linger fustuns," "covering his fortune robbery, Covering a bloodied sword with a robe and a turban ", or" carrying God's verses to deceive the people "

Ideology

As the President of Indonesia elected, Jokowi affirmed his political stance to lead Indonesia with its human, cultural, and plurality wealth so as not to lose sight in embodying the content of the 1945 Constitution and the meaning of Pancasila. This attitude is also considered necessary to be implemented by every leader at all levels of government both city to national scale. Jokowi chose to interpret through the teachings of trisakti Bung Karno namely sovereign in the field of politics, self-reliance in the economic field, and the national personality in the field of culture.
"I as a President must also have a clear ideology, what is it? Sovereignty, self-reliance and personality.Our ideology is the same, Pancasila, but the way of its application is different, some are through the movement of the restoration of Indonesia, some other way. City, district, provincial governor, national level, leads it must have ideology, there must be ideology.Without that we have no direction. "

Appreciation

For his achievement, by Tempo Magazine, Joko Widodo was chosen to be one of "10 Figures 2008". Incidentally in the same magazine, Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, or familiar with the call Ahok once elected also in "10 Figures 2006" for his services improve health and education services in Belitung Timur. Ahok then became his assistant in Pilgub DKI in 2012.
He also received an international award from the Southeast Asian Democratic Local Governance Partnership (Delgosea) for the successful completion of Solo's humane relocation and empowerment of street vendors.
On August 12, 2011, he was also awarded Bintang Jasa Utama for his achievements as regional head devoted himself to the people. The Star of Major Services is the highest award given to civilians. In January 2013, Joko Widodo was named the 3rd best city mayor in the world for his success in leading Surakarta as a city of art and culture, the cleanest city of corruption, and the city's most well-organized. By KPK, he was rewarded for his courage to report on various gratification items received.
Above his ability to socialize government programs so that received public support, he was rewarded as Marketer of The Year 2012 by Markplus Conference 2013, Marketing: Into Innovation and Technology.

Etc

Leadership style

Jokowi is known for his pragmatic and down-to-earth leadership style. He often do "blusukan" or down directly to the field to see directly the problems that exist and find the right solution. "Blusukan" is also done to meet Ian.
He also received an international award from the Southeast Asian Democratic Local Government Partnership (Delgosea) for the success of Solo's humanitarian relocation and empowerment of street vendors and listen to their complaints. This unique style is dubbed The New York Times as "street democracy". Jokowi is also considered unique from other leaders because it does not hesitate to ask directly to the people and approach them when going to launch a program. However, this style also draws criticism. For example, the chairman of the Regional Representative Council Irman Gusman stated that "blusukan" consumes only time and energy, while what is needed is a direct policy and not just an interaction. Anies Baswedan also rate "blusukan" is a mere imaging without providing a solution.
In addition to "blusukan", Jokowi's leadership is also known for its transparency. For example, Joko Widodo and Basuki Tjahaja Purnama both announced monthly salary amount and Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget to the public. He also initiated a number of transparency-related programs such as online tax, e-budgeting, e-purchasing, and cash management systems. In addition, all meetings and activities attended by Jokowi and Basuki were recorded and uploaded to "DKI Jakarta" account on YouTube.

Campaign style

Jokowi's campaigning style to become Governor of DKI Jakarta emphasized a direct approach to the community by coming to them directly rather than gathering people in the field. Jokowi claims that he avoided installing banners, posters, stickers and billboards in city parks or streets because he thought he could contaminate the city, so he directly took off a banner in front of the Megaria cinema, Jalan Diponegoro. During Jakarta's election campaign, Jokowi is also known for his checkered clothes, which he said was bought an hour before leaving for the Regional Election Commission and said to represent "the colors of Jakarta to be accommodated".
One of Jokowi's strengths in campaigning is the use of social media. During the Jakarta election campaign, he launched Jasmev or Jokowi Ahok Social Media Volunteer, which is a network of unpaid volunteer groups. In addition, Jokowi also established a media center and able to utilize Youtube as a new campaign container. Fauzi Bowo own party recognize the benefits of Jokowi in this channel.
Based on the results of the Jakarta General Election Commission's audit in August 2012, the funding of the Jokowi-Basuki partner campaign was Rp 16.31 billion, while the expenditure reached Rp 16.09 billion. Most of the funds were allocated for banners, props, and campaign materials, with a campaign cost of Rp 4.2 billion, props Rp 2.6 billion, and a general meeting of Rp 2.1 billion. The cost of print ads alone amounted to Rp 729 million, while radio advertising costs reached Rp 516 million. Jokowi claims that most of the funds are used for "cheaper" campaigns targeting small people. In comparison, Fauzi Bowo's campaign expenditure was recorded at Rp 62.57 billion, while his campaign funding funding reached Rp 62.63 billion.
Greetings Two Fingers
The song of Joko Widodo-Jusuf Kalla (Jokowi-JK) couple's campaign received international media attention. Two journalists from Indonesia, Eveline Danubrata and Heru Asprihanto wrote an article published by Reuters. The article about Jokowi-JK's campaign song titled Give us jobs, not rock songs, say Indonesia's young voters.

Political image

Thanks to his campaign during the 2012 Jakarta Gubernur election promising "New Jakarta", he skyrocketed into a national figure known as clean, populist, and able to solve problems

Controversy

Former Jokowi successful team allegedly involved in a rusty busway case, and even the Jokowi family is accused of accepting the flow of rusty busway funds; However, Jokowi denied this, and Attorney General Basrief Arief confirmed that the case "has not been or may not be said to be related to Jokowi". Jokowi was also criticized for failing to comply with his promise to finish his term as governor of Jakarta, although Jokowi himself stated that if he became president, it would be easier to administer Jakarta because it has authority over the central government project in the capital. There is a presumption that Jokowi including failing to cope with floods and traffic jams. The assumption that Jokowi failed to overcome floods and traffic jams in Jakarta made his popularity decline. Data from BPS also shows the poverty rate in Solo rises when Jokowi becomes the mayor of Solo. The dazzling popularity of Jokowi has also been criticized as a media influence that often accentuates Jokowi's kindness while his weakness is covered. In addition, Jokowi was found boarding a private jet to campaign from Banjarmasin to Malang City, which is considered contrary to a simple lifestyle. Meanwhile, University of Indonesia Economics Professor Taufik Bahauddin is concerned about the controversy surrounding Megawati's government such as the BLBI scandal, the sale of state-owned companies, the sale of the Pertamina VLCC tanker and cheap gas sales to China will be repeated to Jokowi's government.
The emergence of the name Jokowi on the matter of National Examination and the arrival of Jokowi in ITB campus also reap the controversy because it is considered as an act of politicization.
At the time of his presidency, Jokowi also reap the criticism after the wrong mention of the city where the birth of the first President of RI Ir. Soekarno in his speech at the town square of Blitar on June 1, 2015. Jokowi mentions Sukarno was born in Blitar, but historically Soekarno was born on Jalan Pandean, Peneleh, Surabaya. Various criticisms were addressed to his subordinates such as the Secretary and Presidential Communication Team due to giving wrong material to the President.

History of Soekarno, The Indonesian proclaimer

Ir. H. Soekarno had a birth name Koesno Sosrodihardjo was born in Surabaya, East Java on June 6, 1901 and died in Jakarta on June 21, 1970 at the age of 69 years, was the first President of the Republic of Indonesia in office from 1945 to 1966. He played a role Important in liberating the Indonesian nation from Dutch colonialism. He was the Proclaimer of Indonesian Independence (together with Mohammad Hatta), which occurred on 17 August 1945. Soekarno was the first person to introduce the concept of Pancasila as the foundation of the Indonesian state and he himself called it.

Name

When born, Sukarno was given the name Kusno by his parents. But because he was often sick then when he was eleven years old his name was changed to Soekarno by his father. The name was taken from a warlord in the Bharata Yudha story of Karna. The name "Karna" becomes "Karno" because in Javanese the letter "a" changes to "o" while the prefix "su" has a "good" meaning.
Later in the day when he became president, the spelling of Soekarno's name was changed by him himself to Sukarno because he thought the name used spelling colonists (Dutch). He still uses the name Soekarno in his signature because the signature is a signature listed in the Indonesian Proclamation of Independence Text which should not be changed, otherwise it is not easy to change the signature after the age of 50 years. The familiar name for Soekarno is Bung Karno.

Achmed Soekarno

In some Western countries, the name of Soekarno is sometimes written by Achmed Soekarno. This happened because when Soekarno first visited the United States, some journalists wondered, "What is Soekarno's little name? Because they do not understand the habits of some people in Indonesia who only use one name or do not have a surname.
Soekarno mentioned that the name Achmed he got when performing the pilgrimage. In some other versions, it is mentioned that the name of Achmed in front of Soekarno's name is done by Muslim diplomats from Indonesia who are on a foreign mission in an effort to gain recognition of the sovereignty of the Indonesian state by the Arab countries.

Life Story of Soekarno

Childhood and youth

Soekarno was born with a father named Raden Soekemi Sosrodihardjo and his mother Ida Ayu Nyoman Rai. The two met when Raden Soekemi who was a teacher was placed at the Native Primary School in Singaraja, Bali. Nyoman Rai is a descendant of nobility from Bali and Hindu, while Raden Soekemi itself is Muslim. They had a daughter named Sukarmini before Sukarno was born. When small Soekarno lived with his grandfather, Raden Hardjokromo in Tulung Agung, East Java.
He first went to Tulung Agung until he moved to Mojokerto, following his parents assigned to the city. In Mojokerto, his father enters Soekarno to Eerste Inlandse School, the school where he works. Then in June 1911 Sukarno was transferred to Europeesche Lagere School (ELS) to facilitate his acceptance at Hogere Burger School (HBS). In 1915, Soekarno had completed his education at the ELS and successfully proceeded to HBS in Surabaya, East Java. He was accepted at HBS with the help of a friend of his father named H.O.S. Tjokroaminoto. Tjokroaminoto even provided shelter for Sukarno at his residence lodge. In Surabaya, Soekarno met many leaders of the Sarekat Islam, an organization led by Tjokroaminoto at the time, such as Alimin, Musso, Dharsono, Haji Agus Salim, and Abdul Muis. Soekarno then active in the activities of youth organization Tri Koro Dharmo which was formed as an organization of Budi Utomo. The name of the organization then changed into Jong Java (Java Youth) in 1918. In addition, Sukarno also actively wrote in the daily "Oetoesan Indies" led by Tjokroaminoto.

As an architect

Bung Karno was Indonesia's first president, also known as an alumni architect from Technische Hoogeschool te Bandoeng (now ITB) in Bandung with majoring in civil engineering and graduation in 1926.
During his tenure as president, there were several architectural works influenced by Soekarno. Also marathon journey from May to July in 1956 to USA, Canada, Italy, West Germany and Switzerland countries. Creating the horizon of the natural mind Soekarno increasingly rich in arranging Indonesia holistically and display it as a newly independent country.
Sukarno targeted Jakarta as the face of Indonesia related to some of the international activities held in the city, but also planned a city from the beginning which is expected as the center of government in the future. Some works are influenced by Soekarno or by order and coordination with some architects such as Frederich Silaban and R.M. Soedarsono, assisted by several junior architects for visualization. Some architectural designs are also made through contests.

The period of national movement

Soekarno for the first time became famous when he became a member of Jong Java Surabaya branch in 1915. For Soekarno the nature of the organization is Java-centric and only think of culture alone is a challenge in itself. In an annual plenary meeting held Jong Java Surabaya branch Soekarno shocking the trial by making a speech using Javanese language ngoko (rough). A month later he sparked a heated debate by suggesting that Jong Java newspapers be published in Malay only, and not in Dutch.
In 1926, Soekarno founded the Algemeene Studie Club (ASC) in Bandung which was the inspiration of the Indonesische Studie Club by Dr. Soetomo. This organization became the forerunner of the Indonesian National Party founded in 1927. Soekarno's activities in the PNI led him to be arrested by the Dutch on 29 December 1929 in Yogyakarta and the next day moved to Bandung, to be thrown into Banceuy Prison. In 1930 he was transferred to Sukamiskin and in court of Landraad Bandung on 18 December 1930 he read out his phenomenal Indonesian Pledo Sufic, until it was released back on 31 December 1931.
In July 1932, Soekarno joined the Indonesian Party (Partindo), which was a fraction of the PNI. Sukarno was again arrested in August 1933, and exiled to Flores. Here, Soekarno is almost forgotten by national figures. But his spirit remained smoldering as implied in each letter to an Islamic Unity Guru named Ahmad Hasan.
In 1938 until 1942 Sukarno was exiled to Bengkulu Province, he was free again during the Japanese occupation in 1942.

The period of Japanese occupation

At the beginning of the Japanese occupation (1942-1945), the Japanese government had not paid attention to the figures of the Indonesian movement especially to "secure" its existence in Indonesia. This is seen in Movement 3A with his character Shimizu and Mr. Shamsuddin were less popular.
In the end, however, the Japanese occupation government observed and simultaneously made use of Indonesian figures such as Soekarno, Mohammad Hatta, and others in every organization and institution to appeal to Indonesians. Mentioned in various organizations such as Java Hokokai, People Power Center (Putera), BPUPKI and PPKI, figures such as Soekarno, Hatta, Ki Hajar Dewantara, K.H. Mas Mansyur, and others are mentioned and look so active. And finally the national figures cooperate with the Japanese occupation government to achieve Indonesian independence, although some are doing underground movements such as Sutan Syahrir and Amir Sjarifuddin for assuming Japan is a dangerous fascist.
President Sukarno himself, during the opening speech before the reading of the text of the proclamation of independence, said that although we actually work with Japan we actually believe and believe and rely on their own strength.
He is active in the preparation of Indonesian independence, among them is to formulate Pancasila, the 1945 Constitution, and basic Indonesian government including formulating the text of the proclamation of Independence. He was persuaded to step aside to Rengasdengklok.
In 1943, Japanese Prime Minister Hideki Tojo invited Indonesian figures Soekarno, Mohammad Hatta, and Ki Bagoes Hadikoesoemo to Japan and was received directly by Emperor Hirohito. Even the emperor gave the Empire Star (Ratna Suci) to the three Indonesian characters. The awarding of the Star made the Japanese occupation government shocked, for it meant that the three Indonesians were considered the family of the Japanese Emperor himself. In August 1945, he was invited by Marshal Terauchi, the head of the Southeast Asian Army in Dalat Vietnam who later declared that the proclamation of Indonesian independence was the affairs of the Indonesian people themselves.
But his involvement in the bodies of Japanese-made organizations led Sukarno to be accused by the Dutch of working with Japan, among others in the case of romusha.

The War of the Revolution

Soekarno along with national figures began to prepare themselves ahead of the Proclamation of independence of the Republic of Indonesia. After hearing Committee for Preparatory Work for Indonesian Independence (BPUPKI), Committee for Small consisting of eight people (official), Committee of Nine (the Treaty of Jakarta) and the Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence (PPKI), Soekarno-Hatta founded the State of Indonesia based on Pancasila and the Constitution 1945.
After meeting Marshal Terauchi in Dalat, Vietnam, the Rengasdengklok Incident took place on August 16, 1945; Soekarno and Mohammad Hatta were persuaded by the youths to step aside to the boarding house of Defenders of Tanah Rengasdengklok. Prominent young leaders include Soekarni, Wikana, Singgih and Chairul Saleh. The youth demanded that Soekarno and Hatta immediately proclaim Indonesian independence, because in Indonesia there is a power vacuum. This is because the Japanese have surrendered and the Allied forces have not arrived yet. But Sukarno, Hatta and the figures refused on the grounds of waiting for clarity regarding the surrender of Japan. Another reason is the growing Soekarno establish the right moment for the independence of Indonesia that is chosen on 17 August 1945 when it coincides with Ramadan, the holy month Muslims believed to be the revelation of the first month of the Muslims to Nabi Muhammad SAW, Al Quran. On 18 August 1945, Soekarno and Mohammad Hatta were appointed by PPKI to become President and Vice President of the Republic of Indonesia. On 29 August 1945 the appointment to become president and vice president was confirmed by KNIP. On September 19, 1945 Sukarno authority can complete bloodless Ikada Field events where 200,000 people of Jakarta will clash with Japanese troops were still armed.
On arrival of the Allies (AFNEI) led by Lt. Gen. Sir Phillip Christison, Christison finally recognized Indonesia's de facto sovereignty after meeting with President Soekarno. President Soekarno also tried to solve the crisis in Surabaya. However, due to the provocation launched by forces NICA (Netherlands) bum Allies (under the UK), burst Event 10 November 1945 in Surabaya and the death of Brigadier General A.W.S Mallaby.
Due to many provocations in Jakarta at the time, President Soekarno eventually moved the Capital of the Republic of Indonesia from Jakarta to Yogyakarta. Followed by vice presidents and other high officials of other countries.
The position of President Soekarno according to the 1945 Constitution is the position of the President as head of government and head of state (president / single executive). During the independence revolution, the system of government changed to semi-presidential or double executive. President Soekarno as Head of State and Sutan Syahrir as Prime Minister / Head of Government. This happened because of the declaration of vice president No X, and the November 1945 government's notification of political parties. This is done so that the Republic of Indonesia is considered a more democratic country.
Although the system of government changed, at the time of the revolution, the position of President Sukarno is still the most important, especially in the face of Madiun in 1948 and is currently the Dutch Military Aggression II that led to President Soekarno, Vice President Mohammad Hatta and a number of high state officials arrested Netherlands. Although there have been Emergency Government of the Republic of Indonesia (Emergency) with Prawiranegara Sjafruddin chairman, but in fact the international and domestic situation still acknowledge that Soekarno-Hatta are Indonesia real leader, only policies that can resolve the dispute between Indonesia and the Netherlands.

Independence period

After the Recognition of Sovereignty (the Dutch Government referred to as the Submission of Sovereignty), President Soekarno was appointed President of the United States of Indonesia (RIS) and Mohammad Hatta was appointed RIS prime minister. The position of the President of the Republic of Indonesia was handed over to Mr. Assaat, who came to be known as RI Jawa-Yogya. But because of the demands of all Indonesian people who want to return to the unitary state, then on August 17, 1950, RIS again turned into the Republic of Indonesia and President Soekarno became President of Indonesia. Mandate Mr Assaat as the President of the Republic of Indonesia handed back to Sukarno. Officially the position of President Soekarno is a constitutional president, but in reality government policy is done after consultation with him.
The myth of the Dwitunggal Soekarno-Hatta is quite popular and stronger among the people than the head of government is the prime minister. The fall of the famous cabinet as a "cabinet of the corn age" made President Sukarno less trust in the multiparty system, even calling it a "party disease". Not infrequently, he also intervened to mediate conflicts in the military that also impact on the ups and downs of the cabinet. Like the events of October 17, 1952 and the Events among the Air Force.
President Soekarno also gave many ideas in the international world. His concern for the fate of the Asian-African nation, still not free, has no right to self-determination, causing President Sukarno, in 1955, to take the initiative to hold the Asian-African Conference in Bandung that produces Dasasila Bandung. Bandung is known as the capital of Asia-Africa. The imbalances and conflicts caused by the "time bomb" left by the stigmatized western states are still concerned with imperialism and colonialism, the imbalance and fear of a nuclear war that transformed civilization, the injustice of international bodies in conflict resolution is also of concern. Together with President Josip Broz Tito (Yugoslavia), Gamal Abdel Nasser (Egypt), Mohammad Ali Jinnah (Pakistan), U Nu, (Burma) and Jawaharlal Nehru (India) he organized the Asian-African Conference which led to the Non-Aligned Movement. Thanks to his services, many Asian-African countries are gaining their independence. But unfortunately, there are still many who experienced prolonged conflict to date because of injustice in problem solving, which is still controlled by powerful states or superpowers. Thanks to this service also, many residents of the Asian region of Africa who do not forget to Soekarno when remembering or knowing about Indonesia
In order to run a foreign policy that is free-active in the international world, President Sukarno visited various countries and met with the leaders of the country.

The period of distress

Soekarno, the first Indonesian president, had at least one attempted murder more than once, his daughter Megawati Soekarnoputri once called the number 23. "I want to take a concrete example, President Soekarno has attempted murder from a new level of plan to execution (as much) 23 times, "Mega said in July 2009. Meanwhile, the smaller figure came out of Sudarto Danusubroto's mouth. He was the president's aide during the last days of Soekarno's rule. Sudarto once said there were 7 attempted murders of Soekarno. This number has been approved by former Deputy Commander Tjakrabirawa, Colonel Maulwi Saelan. But his former bodyguard, only able to recall seven attempted murder attempts.

Cicini Grenades
On November 30, 1957, President Soekarno came to Perik Cikini (Percik), where he attended his sons and daughters' school, in celebration of Percik's 15th birthday. The grenade suddenly exploded in the middle of the presidential welcome party. Nine people were killed, 100 injured, including the presidential guard. Sukarno himself and his sons and daughters survived. Three people were arrested as a result of the incident. They were overseas from Bima who was accused of being a terrorist of the DI / TII movement.
The shooting of the Presidential Palace
On March 9, 1960, the noon of the Presidential Palace was stamped by an explosion that came from a 23 mm cannon shot of a Mig-17 plane piloted by Daniel Maukar. Maukar is a PermU Lieutenant that has been affected by Permesta. The canon dropped by Maukar hit the pillar and one of them fell not far from Soekarno's desk. Luckily Sukarno was not there. Sukarno was presiding over a meeting in the building next to the Presidential Palace. Maukar himself denied he tried to kill Sukarno. The action is just a warning. Before shooting the Presidential Palace, he had made sure not to see the yellow flag being raised at the Palace - the president's sign was at the Palace. This action made 'Tiger', call sign Maukar, had to languish in jail for 8 years.
Rajamandala interception
In April 1960, the then prime minister of the Soviet Union, Nikita Kruschev paid a state visit to Indonesia. He took time to visit Bandung, Yogya and Bali. President Soekarno accompanied him on his way to West Java. When, until the Rajamandala Bridge, it turns out a group of DI / TII members to do a blocking. Lucky escorted presidential guard passed the two world leaders.
Makassar grenade
On January 7, 1962, President Sukarno was in Makassar. That night, he will attend the event at Mattoangin Sports Hall. It was then, as it passed the Cendrawasih path, someone tossed a grenade. The grenade slipped, falling over another car. Sukarno survived. The perpetrators Serma Marcus Latuperissa and Ida Bagus Surya Tenaya were sentenced to death.
The shooting of Eid al-Adha
On May 14, 1962, Bachrum was delighted to succeed in getting a seat on the front safes in the congregation of Eid al-Adha prayers at the Baiturahim Mosque. As soon as he saw Soekarno, he pulled the pistol hidden beneath his jacket, the snout then directed to Soekarno's body. In a fraction of a second when awakened, the direction was deviated, and the bullet missed from Soekarno's body, grazing the Chairman of the House GR KH Zainul Arifin. Haji Bachrum was sentenced to death, but then he got clemency.

Kahar Muzakar's mortar shooting
In the 1960s, President Soekarno during a working visit to Sulawesi. While on his way out of Mandai Airport, a mortar shell was fired by Kahar Muzakkar's men. The direction of Bung Karno's vehicle, but it turns out to be far off. Sukarno once again, congratulations.
Cimanggis grenade
In December 1964, President Soekarno was on his way from Bogor to Jakarta. His entourage formed a convoy of vehicles. In the slow pace of vehicles, Soekarno's eyes had crossed with an unidentified man on the side of the road. Feelings of Sukarno less comfortable. Sure enough, the man threw a grenade at the president's car. Luckily, the throwing distance is already out of reach of an oncoming car. Soekarno survived
Character murder
Decades of the 1950s and 1960s, America through the extension of the Central Intelligence Agency endlessly tried to intervene in the affairs of the state of others. In Indonesia in addition to the unveiling of Allen Pope's mission, there is also a secret mission aimed at killing President Soekarno's character and authority through the agitation and propaganda of popular media via the production of porno films played by Sukarno-like actors. The purpose of this black campaign is to change the perception of the international community against Sukarno who is anti-capitalism and admire the Eve but subject to helpless under the control of Russian secret agents.
"The success inspired the CIA officials to make the move even further: They intend to produce Soekarno's pornographic film with a blond woman made as if the Russian stewardess," Blum wrote, citing the acknowledgment of former CIA agent Joseph Burkholder Smith, who wrote the book Portrait of A Cold Warrior. The Los Angeles Police Chief went to look for a slightly bald dark-skinned man and a beautiful blond woman. No one resembled Sukarno, the CIA made a special mask similar to Soekarno then sent to Los Angeles. Porn stars were told to wear a mask of Soekarno during a perverted scene. The CIA recorded and took photos of the blue scene.
According to Kenneth J. Conboy and James Morrison in Feet to the Fire: CIA Covert Operations in Indonesia, 1957-1958, the porn was done in a Hollywood studio operated by Bing Crosby and his brother. The film is intended to fuel allegations that Sukarno (played by Chicano men) embarrasses himself by screwing Soviet agents (played by Caucasian blonde women) masquerading as flight attendants. "The project produces at least some photographs, though it seems never to be used," writes William Blum in Killing Hope: US Military and CIA Interventions Since World War II.
But the photographs were not finally disseminated. Many versions of why the CIA canceled the nasty scene. Some researchers think such a black campaign is not working to bring down Sukarno. Moreover, there is a myth that believes if a man dashing and powerful, legitimate relationship with many women. After all the kings in the archipelago also used to have many wives and concubines. "The final fate of the movie, entitled Happy Days, has never been reported."

The period of the embargo of Adi Kuasa state

In the pre- and post-independence period, Indonesia was caught in two blocks of Adi Kuasa state with an ideology that contradicted each other. The capitalist bloc is commandeered by the Americans and allies on one side, and the left bloc is contested between the axis of Russia and China. The US embarked on an embargo policy on Indonesia as it assessed Soekarno's tendency to be close to rival blocks. America could not move when Allen Lawrence Pope, the Central Intelligence Agency agent was caught red-handed. Bargaining for the arrest of Allen Pope, the United States finally ended the economic embargo and injected funds into Indonesia, including pouring 37,000 tons of rice and hundreds of weapons that Indonesia needed after the high-level diplomacy between John F. Kennedy and Soekarno. While Russia imposed a military embargo on Indonesia due to the genocide of the leftist element, the Indonesian Communist Party (Partai Komunis Indonesia) in 1965-1967. Indonesia itself is sandwiched between the geopolitics of Southeast Asia, Malaysia which Soekarno considers to be a British puppet state, as well as Singapore which broke away as a new state on August 9, 1965. Sukarno declared a confrontational attitude towards the establishment of the federation of Malaysia in January 1963. So in 1964-1965 The Malaysian federation declared Sept. 16, 1963 was embargoed by Sukarno. Singapore opens taps of cooperation and endeavors by all means to maintain trade with Indonesia despite being boycotted and embargoed. This is considered to be detrimental to the economic aspects of Singapore due to the confrontation.

The downturn

Indonesia's political situation became uncertain after six generals were killed in an event known as the September 30 Movement or G30S in 1965. The real perpetrator of the incident was still controversial despite the PKI being accused of involvement in it. Then the masses from KAMI (Indonesian Student Action Unit) and KAPI (Indonesian Student Action Force) held a demonstration and conveyed Tri of Demands of the People (Tritura), one of which demanded that the PKI be dissolved. However, Sukarno refused to dissolve the PKI because it contradicted the views of Nasakom (Nationalism, Religion, Communism). Sukarno's attitude that refused to dissolve the PKI then weakened his position in politics.
Five months later, a Letter of Command was issued March 11, signed by Sukarno. The contents of the letter were an order to Lieutenant General Suharto to take necessary action to maintain the security of the president's government and personal safety. The letter was then used by Suharto who had been appointed Commander of the Army to dissolve the PKI and declare it a forbidden organization. Then the MPRS issued two provisions, namely TAP No. IX / 1966 regarding the inauguration of Supersemar into TAP MPRS and TAP No. XV / 1966 which guarantees Suharto as the holder of Supersemar to become president whenever the president is absent.
Soekarno then brought an accountability speech regarding his attitude to the G30S event at the MPRS IV General Assembly. The speech was titled "Nawaksara" and was read on June 22, 1966. The MPRS then asked Soekarno to complete the speech. The "Complete Nawaskara" speech was delivered by Soekarno on January 10, 1967 but was subsequently rejected by the MPRS on February 16 of the same year.
Until finally on February 20, 1967 Soekarno signed the Statement of the Submission of Power at the Merdeka Palace. With the signing of the letter Soeharto became de facto head of Indonesian government. After conducting the Special Session, MPRS also revoked the power of President Soekarno, revoked the title of Great Leader of the Revolution and appointed Soeharto as President of RI until the next general election

Pain to death

Soekarno's health has started to decline since August 1965. Previously, he has been exposed to kidney disorders and had undergone treatment in Vienna, Austria in 1961 and 1964.Prof. Dr. K. Fellinger from the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Vienna suggested that Sukarno's left kidneys be removed, but he refused and preferred traditional medicine. He survived for 5 years before he died on Sunday, June 21, 1970 at Gatot Subroto Army Central Hospital (RSPAD), Jakarta with a status as a political prisoner. Soekarno's body was moved from RSPAD to Wisma Yasso owned by Ratna Sari Dewi. Before declared dead, routine inspection of Soekarno was done by Doctor Mahar Mardjono who is a member of the team of presidential doctors. Not long afterwards was issued a medical communique signed by the Chairman of Prof. Dr. Mahar Mardjono and Deputy Chairman of Major General Dr. (TNI AD) Rubiono Kertopati.
The medical communiqué states the following:
1. On Saturday 20 June 1970 at 20:30 the state of Soekarno's health deteriorated and consciousness gradually declined.
2. On 21 June 1970 at 03.50 am, Soekarno was unconscious and then at 07.00 Ir. Sukarno passed away.
3. The team of doctors continually tries to overcome Sukarno's critical condition to the moment of his death.
Although Soekarno once requested that he be buried in the Stone Palace Write, Bogor, but the government of President Soeharto chose Blitar City, East Java, as the burial place of Sukarno. It is determined through Presidential Decree No. RI. 44 years 1970. Soekarno's body was taken to Blitar the day after his death and was buried the next day next to his mother's grave. The burial ceremony of Sukarno was led by ABRI Commander General M. Panggabean as ceremonial inspector. The government then set a period of mourning for seven days.

Relics

In order to commemorate the 100th anniversary of Sukarno's birth on June 6, 2001, the Jakarta Philatelic Office published the stamp of "100 Years Bung Karno". The published stamps are four stamps with the background of the flag of Merah Putih and displaying the image of Soekarno from young to when he became President of the Republic of Indonesia . The first stamp has a nominal value of Rp500 and features a portrait of Soekarno during high school. The second is worth Rp800 and the image of Soekarno while still in college in the 1920s plastered on it. Meanwhile, the third stamp has a nominal Rp900 and shows photos of Soekarno during the proclamation of independence of Indonesia. The last stamp has a picture of Soekarno when he became President and nominated Rp1000. The four stamps were designed by Heri Purnomo and printed 2.5 million sets by Perum Peruri. Besides stamps, Philatelic Division PT Pos Indonesia also publishes five kinds of stamp packs, stamp collection albums, four types of postcards, two kinds of Bung Karno posters and three Bung Karno shirt designs.
The stamp featuring Soekarno was also published by the Cuban Government on 19 June 2008. The stamp featured pictures of Soekarno and Cuban president Fidel Castro. The publication coincided with the 80th anniversary of Fidel Castro and the anniversary of the visit of Indonesian President Soekarno to Cuba.
Soekarno's name was immortalized as the name of a sports arena in 1958. The building, Bung Karno Sports Arena, was established as a means of organizing the Asian Games IV in 1962 in Jakarta. In the New Order period, this sports complex was renamed to Gelora Senayan. But in accordance with the decision of President Abdurrahman Wahid, Gelora Senayan back in the original name of Bung Karno Sports Center. This is done in order to commemorate the services of Bung Karno.
After his death, several foundations were made on behalf of Sukarno. Two of them are the Soekarno Education Foundation and the Bung Karno Foundation. The Soekarno Education Foundation is an organization that sparked an idea to build a university with an understanding that Bung Karno taught. The foundation is led by Rachmawati Soekarnoputri, the third child of Sukarno and Fatmawati. In 25 June 1999 President Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie inaugurated Bung Karno University officially forwarding the thoughts of Bung Karno, Nation and Character Building to his students.
Meanwhile, Bung Karno Foundation has the purpose to collect and preserve art objects and nonseni belonging to Soekarno spread in various regions in Indonesia. The Foundation was established on June 1, 1978 by the eight sons and daughters namely Guntur Soekarno Soekarnoputra, Megawati Soekarnoputri, Rachmawati Soekarnoputri, Sukmawati Soekarnoputri, Guruh Soekarnoputra, Taufan Soekarnoputra, Bayu Soekarnoputra, and Kartika Sari Dewi Soekarno. In 2003, Bung Karno Foundation opened a booth at the Jakarta Fair Arena. At the booth was a video of Sukarno's speech entitled "Indonesia Menggugat" delivered at the Landraad Building in 1930 as well as photographs during Sukarno's presidency. In addition to showing videos and photos, various Sukarno souvenirs were sold at the booth. Among them are T-shirts, golden clocks, gold coins, CDs containing Soekarno's speeches, as well as postcards of Sukarno.
Someone named Soenuso Goroyo Sukarno claimed to own Sukarno's heritage. Soenuso claimed to be a former sergeant from the Medium Air Defense Artillery Battalion. He once pointed out objects that he regarded as Sukarno's legacy to a number of journalists at his home in Cileungsi, Bogor. These objects include a slab of pure 24-carat yellow gold which is registered in the register JM London gold, white gold with a stamp horseshoe JM Mathey London and yellow metal plaque with the inscription old spelling form of deposits grants. In addition there are also UBCN (Brazil) and Yugoslavia money and certificates of bond deposit guarantee in Swiss Bank and Bank Netherland. Although gold is shown by a certified Soenuso but there are no experts who ensure the authenticity of the gold.

Appreciation

During his lifetime, Sukarno earned a Doctorate Honoris Causa from 26 universities at home and abroad. Domestic colleges that awarded Sukarno honorary titles include Gajah Mada University (19 September 1951), Bandung Institute of Technology (13 September 1962), University of Indonesia (2 February 1963), Hasanuddin University (25 April 1963), State Institute of Islamic Studies Jakarta (December 2, 1963), University of Padjadjaran (December 23, 1964), and Muhammadiyah University (August 1, 1965). Meanwhile, University of Columbia (United States), University of Berlin and University of Heidelberg (18 June 1956, Germany), Lomonosov University (Russia) and Al-Azhar University (Egypt) are some foreign universities that awarded Soekarno with Honoris Causa Doctorate degree.
In April 2005, the deceased Soekarno for 35 years received an award from South African President Thabo Mbeki. The award is the first-class award of The Order of the Supreme Companions of OR Tambo which is given in the form of medals, pins, sticks and badges that are all covered in gold. Sukarno received the award because it is considered to have developed international solidarity in order to oppose the oppression by developed countries and has been an inspiration for the people of South Africa in the fight against occupation and liberation from apartheid. The awards ceremony was held at the Union Buildings Office in Pretoria and attended by Megawati Soekarnoputri who represented her father in receiving the award. Other Awards Bintang Mahaputera Adipurna (1959), Lenin Peace Prize (1960), Philippine Legion of Honor (Chief Commander, 3 February 1951).

Papers

• Sukarno. Pancasila dan Perdamaian Dunia
• Sukarno. Kepada Bangsaku : Karya-karya Bung Karno 1926-1930-1933-1947-1957.
• Sukarno. Cindy Adams. (1965). Bung Karno: Penyambung Lidah Rakyat Indonesia.
• Sukarno. Pantja Sila Sebagai Dasar Negara.
• Sukarno. Bung Karno Tentang Marhaen Dan Proletar.
• Sukarno. Negara Nasional Dan Cita-Cita Islam: Kuliah Umum Presiden Soekarno.
• Sukarno. (1933). Mencapai Indonesia Merdeka.
• Sukarno. (1945). Lahirnya Pancasila
• Sukarno. (1951). Indonesia Menggugat: Pidato Pembelaan Bung Karno di Depan Pengadilan Kolonial.
• Sukarno. (1951). Sarinah: Kewajiban Wanita Dalam Perjuangan Republik Indonesia.
• Sukarno. (1957). Indonesia Merdeka.
• Sukarno. (1959). Dibawah Bendera Revolusi Jilid 1. (kumpulan esai)
• Sukarno. (1960). Dibawah Bendera Revolusi Jilid 2. (kumpulan esai)
• Sukarno. (1960). Amanat Penegasan Presiden Soekarno Didepan Sidang Istimewa Depernas Tanggal 9 Djanuari 1960.
• Sukarno. (1964). Tjamkan Pantja Sila ! : Pantja Sila Dasar Falsafah Negara.
• Sukarno. (1964). Komando Presiden/Pemimpin Besar Revolusi: Bersiap-sedialah Menerima Tugas untuk Menjelamatkan R.I. dan untuk Mengganjang "Malaysia"!
• Sukarno. (1965). Wedjangan Revolusi.
• Sukarno. (1965). Tjapailah Bintang-Bintang di Langit: Tahun Berdikari.
• Sukarno. (1965). Pantja Azimat Revolusi.