History of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, the 6th President of Indonesian

Machrus 7 years ago

General of the TNI (Ret.) Prof. Dr. H. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono GCB AC (born in Tremas, Arjosari, Pacitan, East Java, Indonesia, September 9, 1949, age 67 years) is the sixth Indonesian President who served from 20 October 2004 to 20 October 2014. He is the first President In Indonesia selected through the election line. He, along with Vice President Muhammad Jusuf Kalla, was elected in the 2004 Presidential Election. He succeeded his second term by winning the 2009 Presidential Election, this time with Vice President Boediono. Since the reform era began, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono was the first Indonesian President to complete the presidency for 5 years and successfully re-elected for the second period.
Yudhoyono who was called "Sus" by his parents and popularly called "SBY", missed some of his childhood and youth in Pacitan. He is a retired military man. While in the military he is better known as Bambang Yudhoyono. His military career stalled when he was appointed President Abdurrahman Wahid as Minister of Mines and Energy in 1999, and emerged as one of the founders of the Democratic Party. The last rank of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono was General of the TNI before his retirement on 25 September 2000. At the 2004 Presidential Election, his voice advantage from President Megawati Soekarnoputri made him the first elected president through direct elections by the Indonesian people. This is possible after the amendment of the 1945 Constitution.

Background and family

He was born in Pacitan, East Java on September 9, 1949 from the couple Raden Soekotjo and Siti Habibah. From his father's lineage can be traced to Pakubuwana and has a relationship with the Hamengkubuwana II.
Like his father, he was in the army. In addition to living in the family residence in Bogor (West Java), SBY also live in Merdeka Palace, Jakarta. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono is married to Kristiani Herawati who is the third daughter of General (Ret.) Sarwo Edhi Wibowo (late). Military commander General Sarwo Edhi Wibowo helped to quell the PKI (Partai Komunis Indonesia) in 1965. From the marriage they were blessed with two sons, namely Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono (born 1978) and Edhie Baskoro Yudhoyono (born 1980).
Agus was a graduate of Taruna Nusantara High School in 1997, and the Indonesian Military Academy in 2000. Like his father, he was also awarded Adhi Mekayasa and a soldier with the rank of First Lieutenant of the Army who served in an infantry battalion in Bandung, West Java. Agus married Anissa Larasati Pohan, an actress who is also the son of former Deputy Governor of Bank Indonesia, Aulia Pohan. Since mid 2005, Agus has been studying for a master's degree in Institute of Defense and Strategic Studies, Singapore. Youngest child, Edhie Baskoro graduated with a double degree in Financial Commerce and Electrical Commerce in 2005 from Curtin University of Technology in Perth, Western Australia.

Military career

In 1973, he graduated from the Armed Forces Academy of the Republic of Indonesia with the award of Adhi Makayasa as the best graduate student and Tri Sakti Wiratama which is the highest achievement of combined mental, physical, and intellectual intelligence. From 1974-1976, he began his career at Dan Tonpan Yonif Linud 330 Kostrad. In 1976, he studied at Airborne School and US Army Rangers, American Language Course (Lackland-Texas), Airbone and Ranger Course (Fort Benning) United States.
His career continued in the period 1976-1977 in Dan Tonpan Battalion 305 Army Strategic Reserve Command, and Mr. Mo 81 Airborne Infantry Battalion 330 Army Strategic Reserve Command (1977), Pasi-2 / Ops Airborne Mabrigif 17 Kujang I Kostrad (1977-1978, Dan Kipan Airborne Infantry Battalion 330 Army Strategic Reserve Command (1979 -1981, Young Pupan Sops SUAD (1981-1982) Period 1982-1984, he studied at the Infantry Officer Advanced Course (Fort Benning) United States.
In 1983, he studied at the On the job training in 82-nd Airborne Division (Fort Bragg) United States, Jungle Warfare School (Panama, Course antitank weapon in Belgium and Germany in 1984, Classes Commando Battalion (1985) and a career in Commander of Infantry Trainer School (1983-1985), Dan Yonif 744 Dam IX / Udayana (1986-1988), and Paban Madyalat Sops Dam IX / Udayana (1988).
The period 1988-1989, he studied at the Command and Staff College Army and continue to the US Command and General Staff College (Fort Leavenwort) Kansas United States in 1991. Period (1989-1993), he worked as a lecturer courses there Korspri Commander, Dan Airborne brigade Cleaver 17 1 Strategic Reserve Command (1993-1994, Asops the Jakarta Military Command (1994-1995) and commander 072 / Pamungkas Military Command IV / Diponegoro (1995) and Chief Military Observer United Nations Peace Forces (UNPF) in Bosnia-Herzegovina (1995-1996 ). Graduates of the Master of Art (MA) from Management Webster University of Missouri is also a career in Kasdam Jaya (1996), and the military commander of II / Sriwijaya and Chairman Bakorstanasda. in 1997, he was appointed Chief Territories (Kaster) Army with the rank Lieutenant General He retired from the military on 1 April 2001 because of his appointment as minister.

Political career

Appeared as a spokesman for the Armed Forces Fraction before 1998 General Session of MPR which was held on March 9, 1998 and Chairman of ABRI MPR Fraction in 1998 Special Session of MPR. On 29 October 1999, he was appointed Minister of Mines and Energy in the government of President Abdurrahman Wahid. On 26 October 1999, he was inaugurated as Coordinating Minister for Political, Social and Security Affairs (Menko Polsoskam) as a consequence of the reorganization of Abdurrahman Wahid's cabinet.
With the resignation of the President on 28 May 2001 at 12.00 WIB, the Coordinating Minister for Politics and Security was assigned to take special measures to overcome the crisis, to establish order, security and law as soon as possible due to the emergency political situation faced by government leaders. At that time, the Coordinating Minister for Politics and Security as the mandate to translate the emergency political situation was not the same as the emergency as in Law No. 23 of 1959.
Not even one year in office of the Coordinating Minister for the Polsoskam or five days after holding the mandate, he was urged to resign on June 1, 2001 by the mandator due to political tension between President Abdurrahman Wahid and DPR. A replacement position as Minister of Home Affairs or Minister of Transportation offered by the president has never been accepted.
Mutual Cooperation Cabinet led by President Megawati Soekarnoputri anoint as Coordinating Minister for Politics and Security (security minister) on 10 August 2001. Feeling no longer trusted by the president, the post of head of the ministry abandoned on March 11, 2004. The establishment of the Democratic Party on 9 September 2002 strengthens its name to Reached the pinnacle of a political career. When the Democrat Party was declared on 17 October 2002, his name was nominated to be president in the 2004 Presidential and Vice Presidential Election of the Republic of Indonesia.
After resigning from the post of Coordinating Minister for Political and Security Affairs and in line with the 2004 Indonesian House of Representatives, DPD and DPRD General Election campaign, he was officially within the Democratic Party's corridor. His presence in the Democratic Party was successful in the legislative elections by winning 7.45% of the vote. On May 10, 2004, three political parties namely the Democratic Party, the Justice and Unity Party of Indonesia, and the Crescent Star Party officially nominated him as president in pairs with vice presidential candidate Jusuf Kalla.
At the Extraordinary Congress of the Democratic Party held in Bali on 30 March 2013, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono was appointed chairman of the Democratic Party, replacing Anas Urbaningrum.
Furthermore, at the Democratic Party IV Congress held at Shangri-La Hotel, Surabaya on May 12, 2015, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono was re-elected as General Chairman for the period 2015-2020

Assignment

General Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, who had been assigned to Operation Seroja in East Timor during 1979-1980 and 1986-1988, obtained his doctorate (Ph.D.) degree in Agricultural Economics from the Bogor Agricultural Institute (IPB) at 3 October 2004. On December 15, 2005, he received an honorary doctorate in political science from Thammasat University in Bangkok, Thailand. In his award-giving speech, he asserted that politics is the art of change and transformation in a peaceful democracy. He is not entirely convinced that politics is a science.

Presidency

The MPR in the period of 1999-2004 amended the 1945 Constitution of the 1945 Constitution to allow the president and vice president to be elected directly by the people. The two-stage presidential election was then won by 60.9% of the votes cast and elected president. He was later recorded as the first elected president of popular choice, and emerged as the sixth Indonesian President after being inducted on October 20, 2004 along with Vice President Jusuf Kalla. He excelled from Megawati Soekarnoputri-Hasyim Muzadi in the 2004 elections.
Cabinet
During his first inauguration as president, Yudhoyono announced his new cabinet, which would be known as the United Indonesia Cabinet of 36 ministers, including Democratic, Golkar and PPP, UN, PKB, PAN, PKP and PKS members. Professionals are also mentioned in the cabinet, most of them taking care in the economic field. The military is also included, with 5 former members appointed to the cabinet. As Yudhoyono promised during the election, four of the cabinet appointed are women.
Yudhoyono United Indonesia Cabinet II was announced in October 2009 after he was re-elected as president early in the year. The vice president in Yudhoyono's second cabinet is Dr Boediono. Boediono replaces Jusuf Kalla who is Yudhoyono's vice president in the first cabinet.
The presidential election was held in Indonesia on July 8, 2009. President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono won over 60% (60.08%) of the votes in the first round, allowing him to secure re-election without run-off. Yudhoyono was officially declared the winner of the election on July 23, 2009, by the Election Commission. The other candidates are Megawati Soekarnoputri PDI-P Party 26,79%, Jusuf Kalla Golkar Party 12,41%.

Education

In July 2005, Yudhoyono launched the School Operational Assistance Program (BOS). [64] In this program, the government provides funds to the principal to assist financially in running the school. BOS can provide significant financial assistance to schools so the school is expected to lower the cost or, if they can afford, to remove the cost altogether. In June 2006, Yudhoyono launched a BOS Book that provided funds for book purchases.

Health

In January 2005, Yudhoyono launched the Poor Health Insurance (Askeskin). Askeskin is a program aimed at the poor who allow them access to health services.

Comparative Power with Vice President Jusuf Kalla

Although he has won the Presidency, Yudhoyono is still weak in the Indonesian parliament, the House of Representatives (DPR). The Democratic Party, even in combination with all its coalition partners, has far fewer representatives than Golkar and PDI-P, which play an opposition role.
With a national congress to be held in December 2004, Yudhoyono and Kalla were initially supported by Agung Laksono as speaker of Golkar. When Agung was considered too weak to run against Akbar, Yudhoyono and Kalla gave their support to Surya Paloh. Finally, when Paloh was considered too weak to run against Akbar, Yudhoyono gave Kalla a green light to run for leadership Golkar. On December 19, 2004, Kalla was elected as the new chairman of Golkar.

Kalla's victory created a dilemma for Yudhoyono. Although it now allows Yudhoyono to pass the law, Kalla's new position means that he is now stronger than Yudhoyono in terms of influence in parliament.
After the 2004 Tsunami, Jusuf Kalla appeared to be on his own initiative, assembled by the Minister and signed the work The order to order the Vice President will begin in the rehabilitation of Aceh. The legality of his Vice Presidential Decree was questioned even though Yudhoyono stated that it was he who gave orders for Kalla to continue.
In September 2005, when Yudhoyono went to New York to attend the annual UN Summit, he left Vice President Kalla in charge. Yudhoyono held a video conference from New York to receive a report from the minister. Critics claim that this is an expression of distrust by Yudhoyono It seems that the public sees momentum when Kalla only appears for a videoconference and then spends the rest of the time taking care of Golkar's problems.
The allegations of competition resurfaced in October 2006 when Yudhoyono formed the Presidential Work Unit for the Organization of the Reform Program (UKP3R). He is tasked with improving conditions for business investment, implementing diplomacy and government administration, improving the performance of SOEs, expanding the role of small and medium-sized businesses, and improving overall law enforcement. UKP3R was led by Marsillam Simanjuntak, who served as Attorney General during the Presidency of Abdurrahman Wahid.
In February 2007, Yudhoyono added welfare to the UKP3R task by ordering them to also focus on poverty eradication, cash transfers, public services and assistance in health and education programs. There are allegations that this is Yudhoyono's attempt to exclude Kalla from the government. Yudhoyono quickly explained that in supervising UKP3R, he would be assisted by Kalla.

Others

The eradication of collusion, corruption, and nepotism (KKN) is an important priority in its leadership in addition to the case of global terrorism. Drug hazards, gambling, and trafficking are also heavy burdens that require hard work with leaders and people.
During his tenure, Indonesia experienced a number of natural disasters such as tsunamis, earthquakes, volcanoes, floods, etc. All this is an additional challenge for a president who is still struggling with the effort to restore the country's economic life for the welfare of the people.
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono also established the Working Unit of the President of Program and Reform Management (UKP4R), a presidential institution headed by Marsilam Simandjuntak at the time of its formation on October 26, 2006. This institution was initially challenged by the Golkar Party in the absence of Vice President Jusuf Kalla in its establishment as well as the issue of the establishment of UKP4R to cut off the authority of the Vice President, but finally accepted after SBY himself explained it in a press release.

President SMS Service

Around June 2005, President SBY started a short message service (SMS) to the mobile phone number 0811109949, but the next day there was a technical failure due to the large number of incoming SMS. Then replaced with SMS to 9949, after which SMS will be selected and submitted to the president. Number 9949 is the code of birth date, (September 9, 1949).
On June 28, 2005, President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono sent an SMS to the public by the name of the President of the Republic of Indonesia which contained about the prevention of drugs. This SMS truth has been confirmed and the President's spokesman stated that various SMS will follow.
Twitter President
On 13 April 2013, President SBY sent his first chirp on his personal Twitter account @SBYudhoyono. This Twitter account is managed by SBY with his staff. The chirp of the President is directly * SBY * at the end of each chirp. First chirp of the president SBY is:
 "Hello, Indonesia, I am joining the world of Twitter to share greetings, views, and inspirations." Greetings * SBY * "

Through this Twitter, the President hopes to increasingly listen to the complaints of society. Himself also states ready to be insult on Twitter by other Twitter users.

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