Dieng Plateau is an active volcanic area in Central Java, which belongs to Banjarnegara and Wonosobo regencies. Located in the west of the complex of Mount Sindoro and Mount Sumbing.
Dieng has average altitude is about 2,000 m above sea level. Temperatures range from 12-20 ° C in the daytime and 6-10 ° C at night. In the dry season (July and August), temperatures can reach 0 ° C in the morning and create a frost that locals call bun upas ("poison") because it causes damage to crops.
Administratively, Dieng is the area of ??Dieng Kulon Village, Batur District, Kabupaten Banjarnegara and Dieng ("Dieng Wetan"), Kejajar District, Wonosobo District. This region is one of the most remote areas of Central Java.
Etymology
The name Dieng comes from a combination of two Kawi words: "in" meaning "place" or "mountain" and "Hyang" meaningful (Gods). Thus, Dieng means mountainous area where the gods and goddesses reside. Another theory states, the name Dieng derived from the Sundanese language ("in hyang") as it was estimated in the pre-Medang era (around the 7th century AD) the area was in the political influence of Galuh Kingdom.
Geology
Dieng Plateau (DTD) is a plain with volcanic activity beneath its surface, such as Yellowstone or Tengger Highlands. Indeed he is the caldera with the surrounding mountains as its edge. There are many craters as a place of exit gas, water vapor and various other volcanic materials. This situation is very dangerous for residents who inhabit the area, as evidenced by the calamity gas eruption crater 1979. Not only toxic gases, but also possible earthquakes, mud eruptions, landslides, and floods.
In addition to the crater, there are also volcanic lakes that contain water mixed with sulfur so have a typical greenish yellow color.
Biologically, the volcanic activity in Dieng is interesting because it is found in hot water near the crater of several species of thermophilic bacteria ("hot") that can be used to reveal the early life on earth.
Craters
The active crater at Dieng is a crater for volcanic activity under the highlands. Activity monitoring was conducted by PVMBG through Dieng Observation Post in Karangtengah Subdistrict. Here are the monitored active craters:
Candradimuka
Sibanteng
Siglagah
Sikendang, potentially poisonous gas
Sikidang
Sileri
Sinila, potentially poisonous gas
Weigh, potentially poisonous gas
Sibanteng Crater
Sibanteng is located in Dieng Kulon Village. This crater had erupted phreatic in January 2009 (15/1), causing Dieng tourist area must be closed a few days to anticipate the occurrence of gas poisoning disaster. The eruption of the mud is heard up to 2 km, destroying the forest owned by Perhutani in the vicinity, and causing landslides that stem the Kali Putih, the Sungai Serayu.
Sibanteng Crater once erupted in July 2003.
Sikidang Crater
Sikidang is a crater in the most popular DTD visited by tourists because it is most easily achieved. This crater is famous for its gas exit hole is always moving in a large area. It is from this character that the name comes from the locals looking at it like a deer (kidang in Javanese).
Sileri Crater
Sileri is the most active crater and has erupted several times (based on notes: 1944, 1964, 1984, July 2003, and September 2009). At the phreatic activity (September 26, 2009) appeared three new crater slits accompanied by a beam of material as high as 200 meters. [3]
On Sunday, April 30, 2017 there was a phreatic eruption in Crater Sileri that spewed mud and catapulted gravel, causing 12 tourists to suffer minor injuries because of the distance that is too close (20 meters from the crater lip) and the result of not following the recommendation not to approach the crater lip below 100 meters.
Sinila Crater
Sinila is located between Batur Village, Sumberejo Village, and Pekasiran Village, Batur District. Sinila Crater once erupted in the morning of 1979, precisely February 20, 1979. The earthquake caused residents running out of the house, but they were trapped poison gas that comes out of the crater Weigh caused by Sinila eruption. A number of residents (149 people) and livestock were killed by carbon dioxide gas toxicity released and spread to residential areas.
Weigh Crater
Weigh is a crater located near Sinila and moderate activity. Although less active, this crater is a highly concentrated source of CO2 gas that killed hundreds of victims in 1979. This last crater recorded an increase in activity in May 2011 by spraying white smoke as high as 20 meters, removing CO2 in concentrations exceeding the safe threshold (1,000 ppm, the normal concentration in air approaches 400 ppm) and gives rise to volcanic earthquakes [6]. On May 31, 2011 morning, this crater again releases CO2 gas up to 1% v / v (100,000 ppm) accompanied by tremor earthquake. As a result all activities within a radius of 1 km is prohibited and residents of Dusun Simbar and Dusun Serang are evacuated
Peaks
Mount Sumbing (3,387 m)
Mount Sindoro (3,150 m)
Mount Prahu (2,565 m)
Mount Pakuwaja (2,595 m)
Gunung Sikunir (2,463 m), tourist attractions, near Sembungan
Volcanic lake
Telaga Warna, a tourist attraction with a place of nearby persemadian
Telaga Cebong, near the tourist village of Sembungan
Telaga Merdada
Lake Pengilon
Dringo Lake
Telaga Tilapia
Climate
Dieng has a warm and medium climate. Rain often occurs in the Dieng region, even in the dry season. Based on the Köppen climate classification, Dieng belongs to the Cfb group. The average annual temperature in Dieng is 14.0 ° C
Tourism site
Some cultural and natural relics have been made as a tourist attraction and managed jointly by two districts, namely Banjarnegara and Wonosobo. Here are some attractions in Dieng.
Lake: Lake Color, a lake that often raises the shades of red, green, blue, white, and mauve, Lake Pengilon, which is located adjacent to exactly Telaga Warna, unique water color in the lake is clear as not mixed with sulfur. Another uniqueness is that which limits the Lake Color to the Pengilon Lake is only a grass that forms like a small swamp. Telaga Merdada, is the largest among the lakes in the Dieng Plateau. The water that has never subsided to be used as irrigation for agricultural fields. Even this lake is also used by anglers to channel hobbies or also tourists who simply go around with small boats rented by local residents.
Crater: Sikidang, Sileri, Sinila (erupted and released poison gas in 1979 with 149 victims), Candradimuka Crater.
Complex of Hindu temples built in the 7th century, among others: Gatotkaca Temple, Bima Temple, Arjuna Temple, Semar Temple, Sembadra Temple, Srikandi Temple, Setyaki Temple, Gangsiran Aswatama, and Dwarawati Temple.
Cave: Semar Cave, Jaran Cave, Gua Sumur. Located between Telaga Warna and Pengilon Lake, often used as a spiritual venue.
Jalatunda well in 1937
Jalatunda Well.
Dieng Volcanic Theater, theater to see a movie about mount in Dieng.
Museum of Dieng Kailasa, store artifacts and provide information about nature (geology, flora-fauna), Dieng community (daily, agriculture, trust, art) and archaeological heritage from Dieng. It has a movie theater (currently about Dieng archeology), an open stage on the roof of the museum, as well as a restaurant.
Serayu River spring, often called Tuk Bima Lukar (Tuk = springs).
Agriculture
Dieng area is a producer of highland vegetables for Central Java region. Potato is the main commodity. In addition, carrots, cabbage, and garlic are produced from this region. In addition to vegetables, Dieng is also a center producing papaya mountain (carica), mushrooms, fruit kemar, and purwaceng.
However, due to the rapid agricultural activity of forests in the peaks of the mountains is almost used up to be converted into vegetable crops.
Geothermal field
Dieng area is still geologically active and many have hydrothermal energy sources. There are three main hydrothermal fields, namely Pakuwaja, Sileri, and Sikidang. In all three there are active fumaroles (steam craters), mud pools, and steam fields. Hot springs are found, for example, in Bitingan, Siglagah, Pulosari, and Jojogan, with average temperatures ranging from 25 ° C (Jojogan) to 58 ° C (Siglagah) [9]. Sikidang area has begun to be utilized as a hydrothermal energy source.
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