Hj. Dyah Permata Megawati Setyawati Soekarnoputri or commonly known as Megawati Soekarnoputri or commonly called by "Mbak Mega" (born in Yogyakarta, January 23, 1947, age 70 years) is the fifth Indonesian President who served from 23 July 2001 to 20 October 2004. He was the first Indonesian female president and daughter of the first Indonesian president, Soekarno, who later followed in the footsteps of his father becoming President of Indonesia. On September 20, 2004, he lost the vote of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono in the second presidential election in 2004.
He became president after the MPR convened the Special Session of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) in 2001. This Special Session of the People's Consultative Assembly was held in response to President Abdurrahman Wahid (Gus Dur) who suspended the MPR / DPR and Golkar Party. He was inaugurated on July 23, 2001. Previously from 1999-2001, he served as Vice President in the government of President Abdurrahman Wahid (Gus Dur).
Megawati is also chairman of the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P) since she broke away from the Indonesian Democratic Party in 1999.
Early Life
Megawati Soekarnoputri is the second son of President Soekarno who proclaimed Indonesia's independence on August 17, 1945. Megawati's mother, Fatmawati, was a Bengkulu-born girl where Sukarno had once been exiled during the Dutch colonial period. He was born during the Dutch Military Aggression. When Sukarno was exiled to the island of Bangka, Fatmawati gave birth to a baby named Megawati Soekarno Putri, on January 23, 1947 in the village of Ledok Ratmakan. After Indonesian independence, Megawati was raised in Merdeka Palace.He has studied at Padjadjaran University in Bandung (not graduated) in agriculture, but has also studied at the Faculty of Psychology, University of Indonesia (also not graduated).
Household trip
Political career Megawati Soekarnoputri full of twists and turns as if in line with the story line of life marriage marriage journey that had failed.Her first husband was First Lieutenant (Aviator) Surindro Supjarso, an Air Force pilot and first officer in the Indonesian Air Force National Army (TNI-AU) of the Republic of Indonesia. Surindro is a tall, tall, handsome figure with a tattered hair style, among his peers he is often called "Pacul". Surindro is a close friend of Guntur Soekarnoputra, Megawati's sister. It is said that Gunturlah Mega match with Surindro. They married on Saturday, June 1, 1968 at Jalan Sriwijaya Number 7, Kebayoran Baru, Jakarta. After that, Megawati then followed her husband, Surindro, living in Madiun, East Java. There he became a housewife and took care of his first child, Mohammad Rizki Pratama. When Mega was pregnant with her second child (Mohammad Prananda), Surindro suffered a plane crash that claimed his life. His controlled Skyvan T-701 plane crashed in the sea around the waters of Biak island, Irian Jaya, on January 22, 1970. Surindro and his seven crew members disappeared unknown and only the remains of debris of spacecraft found scattered about the sea around Such waters. Mega is overwhelmed with grief, she mourned for a long time.
A few years later, in 1972, at that time Megawati's age was only in her early twenties with two children who were still toddler, she then re-knit love affair with a man who is said to be a businessman from Egypt, who is also an Egyptian diplomat Who was then on duty in Jakarta, named Hassan Gamal Ahmad Hasan. However, this second Mega marriage did not last long, only lasted three months, because Megawati's marriage to Hassan (Mega's second husband) was highlighted by Mass Media on the grounds that at that time Megawati was still bound by a legal marriage with Surindro, her first husband and at the time There is no definite decision from the government, in this case is the Headquarters (Headquarters) of the TNI-AU, concerning the fate of his first husband whose corpse has not been found. The Bung Karno family did not remain silent, they then hired a lawyer, Sumadji, to cancel the controversial second Mega marriage through a decision by the High Religious Court - Jakarta, Hassan finally succumbed and surrendered. From marriage to her second husband who ran aground, Megawati was not blessed with a child.
The happiness and peace of life of Megawati Soekarnoputri's new home were really intertwined and felt after she married Moh. Taufiq Kiemas, a fellow activist at the Indonesian National Student Movement (GMNI), was also a member of the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P) movement. Mega's third husband, Taufiq Kiemas, besides being active in GMNI, he also joined the "Inti Pembina Jiwa Revolusi", an organization that upholds the teachings of "Soekarno". Taufiq Kiemas, whom Guntur nicknamed "the Caucasian", married Mega at the end of March 1973. Their marriage was a simple one at "Panti Perwira", Central Jakarta. From this couple, Puan Maharani was born, who was the third child of Megawati Soekarnoputri and was the first child of Taufiq Kiemas the only one.
Political career
The father's political footsteps have a strong influence on Megawati Soekarnoputri. Because since the student, while studying at the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Pajajaran, he was always active in the Indonesian National Student Movement (GMNI).1986
In 1986 he began to enter the world of politics, as deputy chairman of the PDI Branch of Central Jakarta. His political career spelled out. Mega only took one year to become member of DPR RI.1993
In the PDI Extraordinary Congress held in Surabaya in 1993, Megawati was elected unanimously as Chairman of the PDI.1996
However, the government is not satisfied with the election of Megawati as Chairman of the PDI. Megawati was also ousted in the PDI Congress in Medan in 1996, who chose Soerjadi as Chairman of the PDI.Mega does not accept her self-immolation and does not recognize the Medan Congress. He still feels as the legitimate Chairman of the PDI. The office and its equipment are controlled by Mega party. Mega party does not want to lose one step. They are still trying to maintain the PDI office. However, the government-backed Soerjadi threatened to seize the DPP PDI office located on Jl. Diponegoro.
Soerjadi's threat became a reality. On July 27, 1996 Soerjadi's group completely seized the PDI offices of the Megawati supporters. The assault that left dozens of Megawati supporters dead, led to a mass riot in Jakarta known as the 27 July Incident. The riots also left some activists in jail.
The incident of DPP PDI office attack did not dampen Mega's move. In fact, he is increasingly steadily raising resistance. He chose the legal path, although later foundered in court. Mega still does not stop. Inevitably, PDI was separated into PDI under Soerjadi and PDI leader Mega. The government recognizes Soerjadi as the legitimate Chairperson of PDI. However, the mass of the PDI was more in favor of Megawati.
1997
The support of the mass of the PDI to Mega was increasingly seen in the 1997 elections. The PDI votes under Soerjadi fell sharply. Some of Mega's masses sided with the United Development Party, which later gave birth to the term "Mega Bintang". Mega himself chose golput back then.1999
The 1999 election, PDI Mega which changed its name to PDI Perjuangan managed to win the election. Although not a landslide victory, but he managed to reach more than thirty percent of the vote. The mass of his supporters, forcing Mega to become president. They threatened that if Mega did not become president there would be a revolution.However the flow that developed in the 1999 General Assembly said otherwise, and chose KH Abdurrahman Wahid as President. He narrowly lost in the voting of the presidential election was 373 to 313 votes.
2001
However, time also sided with Megawati Sukarnoputri. He did not have to wait five years to replace President Abdurrahman Wahid, after the 1999 General Assembly failed him to become President. The Special Session of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR), on Monday (23/7/2001), has upgraded its status to President after President Abdurrahman Wahid was revoked by his mandate.2004
Megawati's administration was marked by the strengthening of consolidation of democracy in Indonesia, during his reign, the presidential election was directly implemented and generally considered one of the successes of the democratization process in Indonesia. He suffered a defeat (40% - 60%) in the 2004 presidential election and had to hand over presidential militia to Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, the former Coordinating Minister during his reign.2014
Megawati and PDI-P appoint Joko Widodo to advance in the 2014 Indonesian Presidential Election. Finally, through a long election process, Joko Widodo and Jusuf Kalla were elected President and Vice President from 2014 to 2019.At the National Working Meeting of PDI-P, Semarang, Central Java, September 20, 2014, Megawati was re-appointed to become PDI-P Chairman of the period 2015-2020.
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