Natuna regency, is one of the regencies in Riau Islands Province, Indonesia. Natuna is the northernmost archipelago in the Karimata strait. To the north, Natuna is bordered by Vietnam and Cambodia, in the south by South Sumatra and Jambi, in the west by Singapore, Malaysia, Riau and the east with East Malaysia and West Kalimantan. Natuna is on international shipping lines Hongkong, Japan, South Korea and Taiwan. The regency is famous for producing oil and gas. Natuna's petroleum reserves are estimated at 1. 400.386.470 barrels, while natural gas is 112,356,680,000. barrel. Natuna's distinctive animals are a must.
History
History of Natuna Regency can not be separated from the history of Riau Islands Regency, because before standing alone as an autonomous region, Natuna Regency is part and Region of Riau Islands. Natuna Regency was established based on Law no. 53 of 1999 which was ratified on 12 October 1999, with the inauguration of Natuna Regent Drs. H. Andi Rivai Siregar by the Minister of Internal Affairs ad interm General TNI Faisal Tanjung in Jakarta.
Based on the Decree of the Delegation of the Republic of Indonesia, Central Sumatera Province dated May 18, 1956, incorporated into the Territory of the Republic of Indonesia and the Riau Islands were granted the status of the Second Level Autonomous Region headed by the Regent as the head of the region which oversees 4 consent as follows:
Kewedanaan Tanjungpinang, covering the District of South Bintan (including East Bintan, Galang, Tanjungpinang Barat and Tanjungpinang Timur).
Karimun Kewedanaan, covering the District of Karimun, Kundur and Moro.
Kewedanaan Linga, covering the District of Lingga, Singkep and Senayang.
Kewedanaan Pulau Tujuh, covering the District of Jemaja, Siantan, Midai, Serasan, Tembelan, Bunguran Barat and Bunguran Timur.
Kewedanaan Pulau Tujuh that oversees the District of Jemaja, Siantan, Midai, Serasan, Tambelan, West Bunguran and East Bunguran along with kewedanaan laiannya deleted by Decree of the Governor of Riau Province on 9 August 1964. UP / 247/5/1965. Based on the decree, effective January 1, 1966 all administrative regions of kewedanaan in Kepulauan Riau Regency are deleted.
Natuna Regency was established based on Law no. 53 of 1999 from the expansion of the Regency of Riau Islands consisting of 6 Subdistricts of East Bunguran District, West Bunguran, Jemaja, Siantan, Midai and Serasan and one District Assistant Tebang Ladan.
Along with the authority of regional autonomy, Natuna Regency then expanded the sub-districts up to 2004 into 10 sub-districts with the addition of Kecamatan Pal Matak, Subi, Bunguran Utara and Pulau Laut with 53 villages / villages.
Until 2007 Natuna Regency has 16 subdistricts. 6 new division districts include Pulau Tiga District, Northeast Bunguran, Central Bunguran, South Siantan, East Siantan and East Jemaja with total number of kelurahan / village as many as 75.
In the year 2008 Natuna regency did expansion with formed Anambas Islands District, so the district become 12 District. Then until 2015 to 70 Villages and 6 Villages. And there will be 3 Subdistricts of Sebinggan become 16 Subdistricts.
Topography
Based on his physical condition, Natuna Regency is a hilly and rocky terrain. Lowland and ramps are found on the beach. The altitude of the area between districts is quite diverse, ranging from 3 to 959 meters from sea level with a slope of between 2 to 5 meters. In general, the soil structure consists of red yellow podzolic soil from rocks whose soils essentially have granite material, and alluvial and soil organosol and gley humus.
Climate and Weather
The climate in Natuna Regency is wet tropical with an average temperature of 26 ° C and is strongly influenced by changes in wind direction. Its humidity ranges between 60% and 85%. Meanwhile, rainfall average of 2530 mm with the number of rainy days 110 per year. The wet months occur in October-December with an average wind speed of 276 km per day [sic]. Meanwhile, the sun's irradiation averaged 53%. The weather is often erratic. The rain accompanied by strong winds, thunderous storms, and waves that reached a height of more than three meters often occur suddenly.
Based on the wind direction, local people recognize the existence of 4 seasons, namely: North, East, South, and West. The North season is characterized by winds blowing from the east. This season runs for 4 months (November-February). In this season the wind blows very fast (speed reaches 15-30 knots), so the sea surges through the day and night with a height of 1--3 meters. The local community described the sea as full of waves as "the face of the rotting lime". The wind that blows this season seems not only to make the sea malignant, but also destroys the trees. The trunk of a coconut tree is leaning towards the south. Then, the leaves become split. Instead, the leaves of the rubber trees are falling, so it seems to be arid. This frightening season by them is also called "Season of the unmarked bed nets", because the season is accompanied by rain throughout the day and night, so they prefer to lie down with the bed nets unveiled next door. Therefore, Ibrahim (1997) said that in the north season Natuna residents really have difficulty to do their work. For that, in advance they have prepared everything to face it, such as: firewood, rice, side dishes (salted fish), and other kitchen purposes.
The eastern season is characterized by winds blowing from the east. This season also runs for 4 months (March-June). The average wind speed is only 12 knots. Heavy rains are rare. Sometimes rain is accompanied by heat. The sun is slightly free to shine on the sea and land, so the heat is quite stinging. Such heat, by the local community is called ngek-ngek or lak-lak (it seems uncertain). Nevertheless, the sea still looks bumpy so it is rather difficult to get fish.
The South season is marked by a wind that blows from the south. The season that lasted for 2 months (July-August) this wind speed average of 8--20 knots. In this season the sun can shine freely so the heat is very stinging. Such a situation by the local people is described as "the vapor of hell". Sea conditions are still wavy, sometimes even can reach more than 3 meters.
The West season is characterized by winds that blow from the west also lasts for 2 months (September-October). The hallmark of this season is between the heat and the rain changing. Therefore, the sea surface is sometimes like "water in a talam" (calm and calm), but sometimes it is frightening because its waves can reach 3 meters more. Unfortunately, these waves often occur suddenly so as not to provide opportunities for the fishermen to pull over the boat.
Demographics
Population
The population of Natuna Regency in 2010 amounted to 69,003 people, consisting of 35,741 male and 33,262 female. Serasan sub-district is the highest density of 124.10 people per km2, followed by Midai 123.97 people per km2.
Religion
Based on the Population Census in 2015, the percentage of religion in Natuna Regency is Islam 96.47%, Protestant Christians 1.56%, Buddhism 1.38%, Catholic 0.43%, Confucian 0.12% and Hindu 0.02%.
Potential
In addition to its strategic location of Natuna Island and its surrounding areas is essentially blessed with a series of potential natural resources that have not been adequately managed or there is not yet at all, namely:
Marine fishery resources reaching more than 1 million tons per year with total utilization of only 36%, which is only about 4.3% by Natuna Regency.
Agriculture & plantations such as yams, coconuts, rubber, palm and cloves.
Attractions: nautical (beaches, diving islands), mountains, waterfalls, caves and cultivation.
The D-Alpha gas field located 225 km to the north of Natuna Island (in ZEEI) with a total reserve of 222 trillion cubic feet (TCT) and 46 TCT hydrocarbon gas is one of Asia's largest sources.
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