Semarang City is the capital of Central Java Province, Indonesia and the fifth largest metropolitan city in Indonesia after Jakarta, Surabaya, Medan, and Bandung. As one of the most developed cities on the island of Java, Semarang City has a population of nearly 2 million people and daylight can reach 2.5 million people. In fact, the Metropolitan Area of Kedungsapur (Kendal, Demak, Ungaran Semarang District, Salatiga City, and Purwodadi Grobogan Regency) with a population of about 6 million, is the fourth densest Metropolitan Area, after Jabodetabek (Jakarta), Gerbangkertosusilo (Surabaya), and Bandung Raya. In recent years, the development of Semarang is also marked by the appearance of several skyscrapers in several corners of the city. Unfortunately, the rapid population makes traffic congestion in the city of Semarang increasingly stuck. The city is located about 558 km east of Jakarta, or 312 km west of Surabaya, or 621 km southwest of Banjarmasin (via air). Semarang borders the Java Sea in the north, Demak regency in the east, Semarang regency in the south, and Kendal regency in the west. City area 373.67 km2.
At the end of the 15th century AD there was someone stationed by the Demak Kingdom, known as Pangeran Made Pandan (Sunan Pandanaran I), to spread Islam from the Pragota hills. From time to time the area is more fertile, from the sidelines of fertility it grows a rare tamarind tree (Javanese language: asem charcoal), thus giving the title or the name of the area that later became Semarang.
As the founder of the village, later became the head of the local area, with the title of Kyai Ageng Pandan Arang I. After his death, the regional leader was held by his son who holds Pandan Arang II (later called Sunan Bayat or Sunan Pandanaran II or Sunan Pandanaran Bayat or Ki Ageng Pandanaran or Sunan Only). Under the leadership of Pandan Arang II, the area of Semarang increasingly shows its increasing growth, thus attracting the attention of Sultan Hadiwijaya from Pajang Sultanate. Due to the increasing requirements of the region, it was decided to make Semarang the same level as the Regency. On May 2, 1547 to coincide with the commemoration of the Prophet Muhammad SAW, the 12th of Rabiul Awal in 954 H was endorsed by Sultan Hadiwijaya after consultation with Sunan Kalijaga. May 2nd, then set as the anniversary of Semarang city. Along with the fall of Pajang into the hands of the Sultanate of Mataram, the region of Semarang included in its territory.
On January 15, 1678 Amangkurat II of the Sultanate of Mataram in Kartasura, mortgaged Semarang and surrounding areas to the VOC as part of its debt repayment. He claimed the Priangan area and taxes from the coastal port until his debt was paid off. In the year 1705 finally Susuhunan Pakubuwono I handed Semarang to the VOC as part of the agreement because it has been assisted to reclaim Kraton Kartasura. Since that time Semarang officially became a city owned by the VOC and then the Government of the Netherlands East Indies.
In 1906 with Stadblat No. 120 in 1906 the Gemeente government was formed. The big city government is headed by a Burgemeester (Mayor). This government system held by the Dutch ended in 1942 with the coming of the Japanese occupation government.
In the Japanese period formed the local government of Semarang headed Military (Shico) from Japan. Accompanied by two representatives (Fuku Shico) each from Japan and an Indonesian nation. Shortly after independence, from 15 to 20 October 1945, there was the heroic incident of Semarang's young men who fought against the Japanese army who insisted on refusing to surrender themselves to the Republican Army. This struggle is known as the Five Day Battle.
In 1946 England on behalf of the Allies gave the city of Semarang to the Dutch. This happened on May 16, 1946. On June 3, 1946, with a ruse, the Dutchman arrested Mr. Imam Sudjahri, mayor of Semarang before the proclamation of independence. During the Dutch occupation there was no regional government of Semarang. But the fighters in the government continued to run the government in rural areas or refugee areas outside the city until December 1948. displaced areas moved from the towns of Purwodadi, Gubug, Kedungjati, Salatiga, and finally in Yogyakarta. Leaders of government successively held by R. Patah, R. Prawotosudibyo and Mr. Ichsan. The Dutch occupation government known as Recomba tried to reshape the Gemeente government as it was during the former colonial period under the leadership of R Slamet Tirtosubroto. This did not work, because in the recovery period sovereignty must submit to the Commander KMKB Semarang in February 1950. I April 1950 Mayor Suhardi, Commander of KMKB. handed over the leadership of the local government of Semarang to Mr. Koesoedibyono, a high official of the Ministry of Home Affairs in Yogyakarta. He rearranged the government apparatus to facilitate the running of the government.
Semarang has an important role in the history of Indonesian railway. This is where the first milestone in the construction of the Indies railway begins, with the construction of a railroad that starts from the village of Kemijen to Tanggung village along 26 km) with a width of 1435 mm. The first embracing was carried out by the Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies, Mr. LAJ Baron Sloet van den Beele, Friday 17 June 1864. This railroad began operations for the public Saturday, August 10, 1867.
The construction of the railway line was initiated by a private company, Naamlooze Venootschap Nederlandsch Indische Spoorweg Maatschappij (NV NISM), led by Ir JP de Bordes. Then, after the Kemijen - Tanggung rail segment, the construction of rail connecting Semarang - Surakarta city (110 km), on 10 February 1870. Semarang has two railway stations: Semarang Tawang Station for business and executive class trains, and Semarang Station Poncol for economy class trains and freight transport. The trains include Semarang-Jakarta, Semarang-Bandung, Semarang-Surabaya, Jakarta-Semarang-Jombang, Jakarta-Semarang-Malang, Semarang-Tegal, and Semarang-Bojonegoro.
Air transport is served at Ahmad Yani Airport, connecting Semarang with a number of big cities of Indonesia every day. Since 2008 Ahmad Yani Airport has become an international airport with direct flights overseas, for example to Singapore and Kuala Lumpur. Tanjung Mas Port connects Semarang with a number of Indonesian port cities; This port also contain container terminals.
To facilitate transportation to the city / regency in Central Java in the South especially Semarang-Solo solid line, currently being built Semarang-Solo Toll Road. In the first phase, the toll road construction has been partially operated, Semarang-Ungaran which has been in use since 2011. Currently, the construction of the Ungaran-Bawen toll road is underway.
Geography
Lowland area in Semarang city is very narrow, which is about 4 kilometers from coastline. This lowland is known as the down town. Lower urban areas are often flooded, and in some areas, this flood is caused by sea water (rob). In the south is a plateau, known as the top cities, including the District of Temple, Mijen, Gunungpati, Tembalang and Banyumanik. The growth center in Semarang as a center of population activity and agglomeration emerged into a new small town, as in Semarang the upper part of the growth of Banyumanik area as the center of activity and agglomeration of the population of Semarang City made the area quite dense. Public and social facilities that support the activities of residents in work or residence have also been fulfilled. Banyumanik became a new growth center in upper Semarang, due to the emergence of housing agglomeration in this area. Banyumanik was once a deserted area of Semarang resident who works in Semarang downstairs (just as dormitory town). However, this area is now a new center of activity and growth in Semarang City, with the support of affordable road infrastructure and accessibility. New trading and residential facilities are emerging in this area, such as Carefour, Banyumanik Mall, Ada Supermarkets, Banyumanik Housing, Pucang Gading Housing, and educational facilities both public and private, such as Unnes, Undip, Polines, Unika, etc., with road access support tolls and terminal modes that facilitate transportation. Rapid growth in this area due to the condition of land in Semarang below often affected by rob flood disaster.History of Semarang city
The history of Semarang begins more or less in the 6th century AD, the coastal region called Pragota (now Bergota) and is part of the ancient Mataram kingdom. The area at that time was a port and in front of it was a group of small islands. As a result of sedimentation, which until now is still ongoing, the cluster now merges to form the land. The lower part of the city of Semarang known today is thus a sea. The harbor is estimated to be in the present area of Bulu Market and extends into Simongan port, where Admiral Cheng Ho's fleet rests in 1435 AD At his landing site, Admiral Cheng Ho erected a temple and mosque which is still visited and is called the Sam Po Kong Temple Building Stone).At the end of the 15th century AD there was someone stationed by the Demak Kingdom, known as Pangeran Made Pandan (Sunan Pandanaran I), to spread Islam from the Pragota hills. From time to time the area is more fertile, from the sidelines of fertility it grows a rare tamarind tree (Javanese language: asem charcoal), thus giving the title or the name of the area that later became Semarang.
As the founder of the village, later became the head of the local area, with the title of Kyai Ageng Pandan Arang I. After his death, the regional leader was held by his son who holds Pandan Arang II (later called Sunan Bayat or Sunan Pandanaran II or Sunan Pandanaran Bayat or Ki Ageng Pandanaran or Sunan Only). Under the leadership of Pandan Arang II, the area of Semarang increasingly shows its increasing growth, thus attracting the attention of Sultan Hadiwijaya from Pajang Sultanate. Due to the increasing requirements of the region, it was decided to make Semarang the same level as the Regency. On May 2, 1547 to coincide with the commemoration of the Prophet Muhammad SAW, the 12th of Rabiul Awal in 954 H was endorsed by Sultan Hadiwijaya after consultation with Sunan Kalijaga. May 2nd, then set as the anniversary of Semarang city. Along with the fall of Pajang into the hands of the Sultanate of Mataram, the region of Semarang included in its territory.
On January 15, 1678 Amangkurat II of the Sultanate of Mataram in Kartasura, mortgaged Semarang and surrounding areas to the VOC as part of its debt repayment. He claimed the Priangan area and taxes from the coastal port until his debt was paid off. In the year 1705 finally Susuhunan Pakubuwono I handed Semarang to the VOC as part of the agreement because it has been assisted to reclaim Kraton Kartasura. Since that time Semarang officially became a city owned by the VOC and then the Government of the Netherlands East Indies.
In 1906 with Stadblat No. 120 in 1906 the Gemeente government was formed. The big city government is headed by a Burgemeester (Mayor). This government system held by the Dutch ended in 1942 with the coming of the Japanese occupation government.
In the Japanese period formed the local government of Semarang headed Military (Shico) from Japan. Accompanied by two representatives (Fuku Shico) each from Japan and an Indonesian nation. Shortly after independence, from 15 to 20 October 1945, there was the heroic incident of Semarang's young men who fought against the Japanese army who insisted on refusing to surrender themselves to the Republican Army. This struggle is known as the Five Day Battle.
In 1946 England on behalf of the Allies gave the city of Semarang to the Dutch. This happened on May 16, 1946. On June 3, 1946, with a ruse, the Dutchman arrested Mr. Imam Sudjahri, mayor of Semarang before the proclamation of independence. During the Dutch occupation there was no regional government of Semarang. But the fighters in the government continued to run the government in rural areas or refugee areas outside the city until December 1948. displaced areas moved from the towns of Purwodadi, Gubug, Kedungjati, Salatiga, and finally in Yogyakarta. Leaders of government successively held by R. Patah, R. Prawotosudibyo and Mr. Ichsan. The Dutch occupation government known as Recomba tried to reshape the Gemeente government as it was during the former colonial period under the leadership of R Slamet Tirtosubroto. This did not work, because in the recovery period sovereignty must submit to the Commander KMKB Semarang in February 1950. I April 1950 Mayor Suhardi, Commander of KMKB. handed over the leadership of the local government of Semarang to Mr. Koesoedibyono, a high official of the Ministry of Home Affairs in Yogyakarta. He rearranged the government apparatus to facilitate the running of the government.
Economics
Economy of Semarang city is big enough because its status as capital of Central Java province. The economy of Semarang City according to data from BPS in 2012 is dominated by Industrial sector and Trade sector. GRDP (Gross Regional Domestic Product) 2012 at current prices reaches Rp. 54.38 Trillion. High economic growth is characterized by the high number of high rise buildings in the form of hotels, offices and apartments in Semarang City; List of tallest buildings in Semarang shows Semarang City has 30 buildings with a minimum height of 12 floors and 75 buildings with a height ranging from 7-11 floors.Central Business District - Central Business Districts (CBD)
As the provincial capital of Central Java and the fifth largest metropolitan city in the territory of the Republic of Indonesia, Semarang has transformed and changed dynamically towards a better direction. Within the less than 10 years the Metropolitan Semarang continues to build a vital financial share in Indonesia due to the growing trade and industry sector and its services. As a consequence, the purchasing power of the community increases, capital inflows, consumer confidence index and conducting business relatively conducive to developing some Integrated Business Area or CBD (Central Business District). Some of the CBD that entered in the golden triangle prime area among others.Simpang Lima City Center (SLCC)
Simpang Lima Ciy Center (SLCC) is one of the Central Business District (CBD) or Integrated Business Area located in Semarang Center and one of the CBD growing in the heart of Semarang. No wonder if many tall buildings or so-called skyscrapers present this area. Some of the signature buildings that characterize SLCC Semarang are Ciputa Swiss-Belhotel International Hotel Semarang, Ciputra Mall, Horison Hotel, Simpang Lima Plaza, Louis Kienne Serviced Apartment Hotel, HA-KA Hotel (coming soon), Santika Premiere Hotel, Wisma HSBC INDOSAT Oooredoo Tower, AC Plaza Hardware & InForma, Gramedia Center Pandanaran, Accor Ibis Simpang Lima Hotel, Amaris Simpang Lima Hotel, Tentrem Hotel Mall Apartment Semarang (coming soon), Simpang Lima Residences, SMC (Semarang Medical Centerl) Telogorejo Hospital, Pandanaran Hotel, DBS Center, @Hom Hotel, SentraLand Superblock, Graha Bank Indonesia, Telkom Plaza, WIsma Telkomsel, XL Axiata Center Simpang Lima, Bank Mandiri Plaza, CitiBank Square, Scout Building.Youth Central Business District (PCBD)
Lawang Sewu Heritage Complex, Semarang Tourism Center, Pandanaran Building, Danamon Tower, Wisma BII Maybank, Juang 45 Tower, Wisma Sucofindo (FWD & DanaReksa), DP Mall, SmartFren Gallery, Bank Panin Plaza, Suara Merdeka Tower, Premier Inn Hotel Office Tower (coming soon), The Pinnacle Apartment Tower, Bank Mega Tower, Manulife Building, ANZ Square, Graha BRI, House of Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) Pandanaran, Dafam Hotel, Graha Bina Artha (JaTeng Bank Headquarter), Amaris Hotel, Gramedia Plaza Paragon City Mall, Crowne Plaza Hotel, Accor Novotel Hotel, Whiz Hotel, CitraDream Hotel, Accor Ibis Budget Hotel, Bank Mandiri Tower, Wisma BCA, Marquis de Lafayette Pollux, Sri Ratu Plaza.Transportation
Semarang city can be reached by land, sea and air travel. Semarang through the path of pantura connecting Jakarta with cities on the north coast of Java Island. Currently, a toll road connecting Semarang with Solo is being built. Intercity bus transport is concentrated in Terboyo Terminal, Genuk District. The inner city transportation is served by city bus, angkot and becak. In 2009, TransSemarang began operating, also known as the BRT (Bus Rapid Transit), a mass transit mode although it does not use special lanes such as busway (Trans Jakarta) in Jakarta.Semarang has an important role in the history of Indonesian railway. This is where the first milestone in the construction of the Indies railway begins, with the construction of a railroad that starts from the village of Kemijen to Tanggung village along 26 km) with a width of 1435 mm. The first embracing was carried out by the Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies, Mr. LAJ Baron Sloet van den Beele, Friday 17 June 1864. This railroad began operations for the public Saturday, August 10, 1867.
The construction of the railway line was initiated by a private company, Naamlooze Venootschap Nederlandsch Indische Spoorweg Maatschappij (NV NISM), led by Ir JP de Bordes. Then, after the Kemijen - Tanggung rail segment, the construction of rail connecting Semarang - Surakarta city (110 km), on 10 February 1870. Semarang has two railway stations: Semarang Tawang Station for business and executive class trains, and Semarang Station Poncol for economy class trains and freight transport. The trains include Semarang-Jakarta, Semarang-Bandung, Semarang-Surabaya, Jakarta-Semarang-Jombang, Jakarta-Semarang-Malang, Semarang-Tegal, and Semarang-Bojonegoro.
Air transport is served at Ahmad Yani Airport, connecting Semarang with a number of big cities of Indonesia every day. Since 2008 Ahmad Yani Airport has become an international airport with direct flights overseas, for example to Singapore and Kuala Lumpur. Tanjung Mas Port connects Semarang with a number of Indonesian port cities; This port also contain container terminals.
To facilitate transportation to the city / regency in Central Java in the South especially Semarang-Solo solid line, currently being built Semarang-Solo Toll Road. In the first phase, the toll road construction has been partially operated, Semarang-Ungaran which has been in use since 2011. Currently, the construction of the Ungaran-Bawen toll road is underway.
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