The island of Lombok (population in 2001: 2,722,123 inhabitants) is an island in the Lesser Sunda Islands or Nusa Tenggara is separated by the Lombok Strait from Bali in western sebelat and the Alas Strait to the east of Sumbawa. The island is more or less round with a kind of "tail" on the southwest side that is approximately 70 km long. The area of the island reaches 5,435 km², placing it at number 108 from the list of islands based on the breadth of the world. The main city on the island is Mataram City.
Geography
The Lombok Strait marks the boundaries of Asian flora and fauna. Starting from the island of Lombok to the east, flora and fauna show more resemblance to the flora and fauna found in Australia than Asia. The first scientist to state this was Alfred Russel Wallace, an Englishman in the 19th century. In his honor this limit is called the Wallace Line.
The topography of this island is dominated by the Rinjani volcano whose height reaches 3,726 meters above sea level and makes it the third highest in Indonesia. This mountain last erupted in June-July 1994. In 1997 the area of Gunung and lake Segara Anak in the middle was declared protected by the government. The southernmost area of the island consists mainly of fertile soils utilized for agriculture, commodities usually grown in this area, among others, corn, rice, coffee, tobacco and cotton.
Demographics
About 80% of the island's population is the Sasak tribe, a tribe still close to the Balinese, but most of them are Muslims. The rest of the population are Balinese, Javanese, Chinese and Arabs.
Religion
Most of the island population of Lombok, especially the Sasak tribe embraced Islam. The second largest religion adhered to in the island is Hinduism, which is embraced by Bali's population of about 15% of the total population there. Christians, Buddhists and other religions can also be found, and especially embraced by immigrants from various ethnic groups and ethnic groups living on the island. The largest religious organization in Lombok is Nahdlatul Wathan (NW), the organization also established many Islamic educational institutions with various levels from the lowest level to university.
In North Lombok regency, precisely in Bayan area, especially among the elderly, can be found the followers of the flow of Islam Wetu Telu (time three). Unlike most adherents of Islamic teachings who pray five times a day, these practitioners practice mandatory prayers in just three times.
In Cakranegara (formerly called Cakranegara Kingdom) Mataram city now, formerly discovered Ancient Lontar Text by Dutch expedition (KNIL) then taken and taken to the Netherlands, this palm leaf is actually located in Selaparang Kingdom (now around Pringgabaya, East Lombok) when the war between Bali and Lombok, Selaparang kingdom has been defeated by sudden attack, and finally all the property of the kingdom selaparang seized by Balinese troops, the remnants are not carried away and then burned. Including the golden crown of the king selaparang (Pemban Selaparang) and Kertagama State palm leaf manuscript which is being studied by the Putera and Selaparang royal officers.
History
According to the contents of Babad Lombok, the oldest kingdom that once ruled on this island named Laeq Kingdom (in sasak laeq means past time), but another source namely Babad Suwung, declared that the oldest kingdom in Lombok is Kingdom of Suwung built and led by King Betara Indera. Kingdom of Suwung then subsided and replaced by the Kingdom of Lombok. In the 9th century until the 11th century stood Sasak Kingdom which was later defeated by one of the kingdoms who came from Bali at that time. Some other kingdoms that once stood on the island of Lombok include Pejanggik, Langko, Bayan, Samarkaton and Selaparang Sockong.
Selaparang Kingdom itself appears in two periods, namely in the 13th century and the 16th century. The first kingdom of Selaparang was the Hindu kingdom and its power ended with the arrival of the Majapahit Kingdom expedition in 1357. The second Selaparang kingdom was the Islamic empire and its power ended in 1744 after being conquered by the combined forces of the Kingdom of Karangasem from Bali and the Arya Banjar Getas which was a royal family that betrayed Selaparang because of problems with the king of Selaparang. [3]. This Balinese occupation raises the influence of a strong Balinese culture on the western side of Lombok, such as in dance as well as relics of buildings (eg Cakranegara Palace in Ampenan). It was not until 1894 that Lombok was freed from the influence of Karangasem due to the interference of Batavia (the Dutch East Indies) who entered because of the Sasak rebellion inviting them to come. However, Lombok was then under the direct control of the Indies.
The entry of Japan (1942) made Lombok automatic under the control of the Japanese occupation government of the eastern region. After World War II Lombok was under the State of East Indonesia, before then in 1950 joined the Republic of Indonesia.
Tourism
Lombok is in many ways similar to Bali, and in the decade of the 1990s began to be known to foreign tourists. But with the advent of the monetary crisis that hit Indonesia in late 1997 and other accompanying crises, the tourism potential was somewhat neglected. Then in early 2000 there were ethnic and inter-religious riots throughout Lombok resulting in large-scale displacement of minorities. They mainly flee to the island of Bali. But after a while the situation has become conducive and they are back. In 2007 the tourism sector was the only sector in Lombok that developed.
Tourist destination
Natural tourism
Senggigi Beach
Senggigi Beach is a famous tourist spot in Lombok. Located on the west coast of the island of Lombok. Senggigi Beach is not as big as Kuta Beach in Bali, but instantly we are here will feel like being in Kuta Beach, Bali. Entering the beach area of Senggigi, tourists are immediately welcomed by the soft breeze of the soothing breeze. Coastal coast is still beautiful, although there is still litter leaves are still scattered because it is rarely cleaned. Underwater scenery is very beautiful, and tourists can do surfing (snorkeling) as much because the waves are not too big. The coral reefs rose in the middle causing large waves to break in the middle. There are also hotels with varying prices, from expensive to economical hotel.
Batu Bolong
About half an hour on foot, tourists can see Batu Bolong on this beach. This is a temple built on a reef located on the beach. According to local community legends, the sacrifices of a virgin are often used to be eaten to the sharks in this place. Another legend says a lot of the women who jumped from this place to the sea because of a broken heart. From this place also seen Mount Agung on the island of Bali.
Stone Screen
Not far from Batu Bolong there is the tomb of a cleric. This is a sacred place for Wetu Telu followers. Batu Layar crowded on visit at "Lebaran topat" which is the Eid for fasting people 1 week after Idul Fitri Eid.
Gili Air
Gili Air is one of the three famous gili island in Lombok, namely Gili Trawangan, and Gili Meno. The three islands are famous for the beauty of the beach, so no wonder if Gili Air became one of the favorite tourist destinations in Lombok.
Of the three Gili islands mentioned above, Gili Air is the island closest to the island of Lombok.Gili Air, Gili Meno, and Gili Trawangan located in the western coast of Lombok, and able to display a picture of the beauty of the beaches located in Lombok. Location Gili Air precisely teletak in the beautiful village of Gili, District Winner, District of North Lombok.
Visiting Gili Air travelers can explore some points to enjoy Indonesia's marine biodiversity. Among visitors can see spot seahorses, turtles, a variety of fish with various colors, and the diversity of other marine inhabitants. Local people call GIli Air with the name "Tengaq Aiq" which means ditengha-middle of the sea. The majority of Gili Air natives come from the Bugis and Sasak tribes, and they are major livelihoods as fishermen, traders, and tour guides. The majority of visitors GIli Air merupaka foreign tourists, such as from the UK, France, Australia, the Netherlands, Italy, and other countries. Gili Air is usually crowded with tourists from July to August.
Cakranegara
Gili Meno
Gili Trawangan
Mount Rinjani
Kuta Beach, Lombok
Sembalun
Tetebatu
Sendang Gile Waterfall
Gili Nanggu
Gili Sundak
Gili Tangkong
Monkey Forest Pusuk
Sentanu
Pink Beach (East Lombok Region)
Waterfall Goddess shawl
Village Bilok Petung
Culture tour
Rambitan
Sade Village
Sukarara
Bayan Beleq Mosque
Pura Suranadi
Pura Lingsar
Narmada Park
Park Mayura
Ancient Mosque Bilok Petung
Village of Banyumulek
Public transport
Land
Bus Damri
Bemo
Taxibike
Taxi
Sea
Speed boat
Slow Boat
Fery
Traditional
Cidomo
Tour Transportation
car rental
Along with the progress of tourism and the number of tourists who vacation to Lombok, there are many car rental service provider lombok or car rental lombok to facilitate domestic or foreign tourists who vacation in Lombok with affordable prices, such as Golden Lombok Transport and Lombokku Trans
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