Ngaben is one of the ceremonies performed by Hindus in Bali belonging to the Pitra Yadnya ceremony (the ceremony shown to the Leluhur). Some notions of Ngaben, as follows:
1. Ngaben etymologically derived from the word fire that got the prefix nga, and the ending, so that became ngapian, which encoded into ngapen which over time happened shifting the word to Ngaben. Ngaben ceremony always involves fire, the fire used there are 2, ie in the form of concrete fire (real fire) and abstract fire (fire coming from Puja Mantra Mantra who lead the ceremony).
2. Another version says that Ngaben comes from the word beya which means lunch, so Ngaben also means the ceremony to give provision to the Patriarch for his journey to Sunia Loka.
3. Another version, Ngaben comes from nge - "ash" - in. Encoded into Ngaben, is a ceremony of returning elements of the body to the elements of nature.
Forms of Ngaben Ceremony
Ngaben Sawa Wedana
Sawa Wedana is a Ngaben ceremony involving the corpse still intact (without buried first). Usually this ceremony is held within 3-7 days from the day the person died. Exceptions are common at ceremonies on a grand scale, whose preparations can last up to a month. While the family prepares everything for the ceremony then the body will be placed in the customary hall in each house with the provision of certain herbs to slow the decay of the corpse. Today the provision of the herb is often replaced with the use of formalin. As long as the corpse is still placed in traditional hall, the family still treats the corpse as if it were still alive, such as bringing coffee, feeding beside the body, bringing towel and clothes, etc. before before the ceremony called Papegatan then the concerned is considered only sleep and still in the environment His family.
Ngaben Asti Wedana
Asti Wedana is a cremation ceremony that involves the remains of a corpse that was once buried. This ceremony is accompanied by a ceremony ngagah, the ceremony to dig back the grave of the person concerned to then mengupacarai bones remaining. This is done according to the tradition and rules of the local village, for example there are certain ceremonies where villagers are not allowed to perform the ceremonies of death and wedding ceremony then the corpse will be buried in a local grave called Makingsan ring Pertiwi ceremony (Lost in Motherland).
Swasta
Swasta is a cremation ceremony without the involvement of corpses or skeletons, this is usually done because of several things, such as: dead overseas or remote places, bodies not found, etc. At this ceremony the corpse is usually symbolized by the sandalwood (pengawak) painted and filled magical script as a rough body of the person's attachment.
Ngelungah
Ngelungah is a ceremony for children who have not dental date.
Warak Kruron
Warak Kruron is a ceremony for baby miscarriage.
Destination Ngaben Ceremony
Ngaben ceremony conceptually has the meaning and purpose as follows:
1. By burning the bodies as well as the symbolic ones, they arehes the ashes into the river, or the sea has the meaning to release the Atma (spirit) from the fetters of the world so that they can easily unite with God (Mokshatam Atmanam)
2. Burning the corpse is also a series of ceremonies to restore all elements of Panca Maha Bhuta (5 elements of human body builder body) to their respective origins in order not to block the way of Atma to Sunia Loka Section Panca Maha Bhuta namely: a. Nisa: solid elements that form bones, flesh, nails, etc. b. Apah: liquid elements that make up blood, saliva, tears, etc. c. Bayu: the air-forming element. D. Teja: the heat element that makes up the body temperature. E. Akasa: the ether element that forms the cavities in the body.
3. For the family, this ceremony is a symbolization that the family has been sincere, and let go of the concerned.
Ceremony Circuit Ngaben
Ngulapin
The ceremony to summon the Atma. This ceremony is also performed if the person dies outside the home (eg in the hospital, etc.). These ceremonies may vary depending on local customs and traditions, some are carried out at crossroads, road junctions, and local cemeteries.
Nyiramin / Ngemandusin
The ceremonies bathe and clean the corpse is usually done in the home page of the family concerned (natah). This procession is also accompanied by symbols such as jasmine flowers in the nasal cavity, glass cleavage over the eyes, eyebrows in eyebrows, and other equipment for the purpose of restoring the functions of unused body parts to their origin, and when the spirit of the deceased Reincarnated again to be endowed with a complete body (not disabled).
Ngajum Kajang
Kajang is a piece of white paper inscribed with magical scripts by local stakeholders, priests or elders. When finished writing the relatives and descendants of the concerned will carry out the ceremony ngajum kajang by pressing the kajang as much as 3x, as a symbol of steadiness the hearts of relatives release the departure of the deceased and unite the hearts of the relatives so the deceased can quickly travel to the next.
Ngaskara
Ngaskara means the purification of the spirit of the deceased. This purification is done with the aim that the spirit concerned can be united with God and can be a mentor relatives who are still living in the world.
Mameras
Mameras derived from the word squeeze which means successful, successful, or completed. This ceremony is performed when the dead already have grandchildren, because according to the belief of the grandchild it will lead the way the deceased through the prayers and good karma they do.
Papegatan
Papegatan comes from the word pegat, which means breaking up, the meaning of this ceremony is to break the worldly relationships and love of the relatives of the deceased, because these two things will hinder the journey of the spirit to God. With this ceremony the family means to have sincerely removed the departure of the deceased to a better place. The ingredients of this ceremony are offerings (banten) arranged on a stone mortar and above it is filled with two branches of dadap tree formed like a wicket and stretched white thread on both branches of the tree. Later this thread will be infiltrated by relatives and bearers of the corpse before leaving the house to break up.
Pakiriman
Debt In carrying out after the ceremony of papegatan followed by pakiriminan to the local cemetery, the corpse and his kajangnya then raised to the top of Bade / Wadah, the tower of the corpse (this is not absolute must exist, can be replaced with a regular keranda called Pepaga). From the house concerned the members of the community will carry all the ceremonial equipment along with the corpse accompanied by the voice of Baleganjur (Balinese gong) which is pounding and vibrant, or angklung sounds that seem sad. On the way to this grave will be paraded rotating 3x counterclockwise meaningful as a symbol returns the elements of Panca Maha Bhuta to their place. Besides this rotation is also meaningful: Spinning 3x in front of the deceased's house as a farewell symbol with relatives. Spinning 3x at the intersection and the village junction as a symbol of separation with the community environment. Spinning 3x in front of the grave as a symbol of parting with this world.
Ngising
Ngising is the funeral ceremony, the corpse is laid in a place that has been provided, accompanied by offerings and banten with its own philosophical meaning, then sprinkled by the priest who leads the ceremony with Tirta Pangentas who acts as an abstract fire accompanied by Puja Mantra from the pastor, The corpse burned to charred, the bones of the combustion then crushed and assembled again in the ivory fruit that has been expelled water.
Nganyud
Nganyud means a ritual to wash away all the defilements that are still left in the spirit of the deceased by symbolizing the ashes of the corpse. This ceremony is usually performed in the sea, or river.
Makelud
Makelud is usually held 12 days after the burning ceremony. The meaning of this makelud ceremony is to cleanse and sanctify the family environment due to the sadness that plagued the abandoned family. This 12-day philosophical sadness was taken from the Wiracarita Mahabharata, when the Pandavas experienced a 12-year sentence in the jungle.
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