The Thousand island (bahasa Indonesia Kepulauan Seribu) District Administration is an administrative district in the Special Capital Region of Jakarta, Indonesia. Its territory includes a group of islands in the Bay of Jakarta.
The current regent is H. Budi Utomo, S.H, M.H. Previously the Thousand Islands region is one of the sub-districts in North Jakarta Administration City.
This district government center is located on Pramuka Island which has been functioned as the center of district government since 2003. There are two subdistricts in Thousand Islands District Administration District of Kepulauan Seribu Selatan and North Kepulauan Seribu District.
South Kepulauan Seribu District oversees three urban villages namely Tidung Island, Pari Island Village, and Kelurahan Pulau Untung Jawa Island. North Thousand Islands District oversees three kelurahan also Kelapa Kelurahan, Harapan Island Village, and Kelurahan Pulau Panggang.
Kepulauan Seribu District Administration has a population of approximately 20,000 people spread across eleven small islands inhabited. The 11 islands include Fortune Island, Pulau Pari, Pulau Lancang, Pulau Tidung Besar, Pulau Tidung Kecil, Pramuka Island, Panggang Island, Harapan Island, Coconut Island, Kelapa Dua Island and Sebira Island. In addition to the inhabited islands, there are also some islands that serve as a tourist island, such as Bidadari Island, Onrust Island, Pulau Kotok Besar, Pulau Puteri, Pulau Matahari, Sepa Island, and so on.
In this regency area there is also a conservation zone in the form of a national marine park called Kepulauan Seribu Marine National Park (TNKS). As a region where most of the area is waters and there is also a conservation zone, it is not surprising when the development of the district is more emphasized on the development of marine cultivation and tourism. These two sectors are expected to be the prime-mover of community development and the Thousand Islands District Administrative Region.
History
Jakarta as the Capital of the Republic of Indonesia, has an important role in supporting the implementation of the Government of the Republic of Indonesia. For that in building a prosperous Jakarta community and realize the image of the Indonesian Nation, Jakarta in the implementation of his government given the position as the Special Capital Region of the Republic of Indonesia Jakarta.
The Provincial Region of the Special Capital Region of Jakarta is divided into Municipal and District Administrations. The autonomy of the Special Capital Province of Jakarta Province is placed on the scope of the Province and implemented based on the principles of Decentralization, Deconcentration and Co-Administration Tasks. Municipal and Regency Administration is the administrative area and not the Autonomous Region. Since the enactment of Law No. 34/1999 on the Provincial Government of the Special Capital Region of the Republic of Indonesia of Jakarta, the District of Administration which is part of the Government Administration in the Province of Jakarta Capital Special Region has not been established.
In accordance with Article 32 of Law Number 34 Year 1999, Kepulauan Seribu District which is part of North Jakarta Municipality is upgraded to Thousand Islands District Administration with the intention to improve the service and welfare of the people, and the management of Kepulauan Seribu consisting of 110 islands in all aspects such as environmental sustainability, conservation of natural resources, economy, people's welfare and socio-culture.
In relation to the realization of the improvement of the status of the Thousand Islands District to the District Administration stipulated Government Regulation No. 55 of 2001 on the Establishment of Thousand Islands District Administration.
Besides, in order to provide optimal government services to the people of the Thousand Islands District Administration is arranged into two sub-districts namely North Kepulauan Seribu District which is divided into 3 Kelurahan and District of Kepulauan Seribu Selatan which is divided into 3 Kelurahan
Geography
The Thousand Islands consists of 105 coral islands with a total land area of 8.7 km². Its geographical position is at 5 ° 24'-5 ° 45'S and 106 ° 25'-106 ° 40'W with an area of 1,180.8 hectares (11.8 km²). Temperatures throughout the year generally range from 21 ° C-32 ° C with an average air humidity of 80%.
Archipelago
Kepulauan Seribu is a group of islands located in the north of Jakarta, right opposite the bay of Jakarta. The name of the Thousand Islands does not mean that the islands in the cluster of kepualaun amount to a thousand. The number of islands is only about 342 islands, including sand islands and coral reefs that are vegetated or not. Island sand and coral reef itself amounted to 158. Not all islands are included in the cluster of the Thousand Islands inhabited humans. Like many other islands in Indonesia, most of the islands of the Thousand Islands are uninhabited. Thousand Islands archipelago has a small potential for the development of various industries, including mining, fisheries and the most important is tourism.
Environmental sustainability
To preserve the environment and ecological balance, the Government divides this archipelago into three zones:
- The first zone, reserved for the exploitation of natural resources. The wealth in it can be taken and fully utilized for the benefit of the industry. For example, dead coral reefs are exploited for the benefit of terrazzo or other tiled industries.
- The second zone, are islands specially reserved for national parks or natural tourist destinations.
- The third zone, defined as a protected nature reserve area.
Population
The population of Thousand Islands is about 20,000 people who occupy 11 islands, namely: P. Coconut, P. Kelapa Dua, P. Panggang, P. Harapan, P. Pramuka, P. Tidung, P. Besar, P. Payung Besar, P Pari, P. Untung Jawa, P. Lancong Besar and P. Sebira. The island is heavily populated for example Kelapa Island, Panggang Island, and Pramuka Island
The majority of Thousand Islanders are Moslems and generally come from Betawi, Bugis, Sundanese, Madurese and Minangkabau tribes.
Education
Education in the Thousand Islands District Administration shows very rapid progress. Currently the Thousand Islands Administration District has 14 kindergartens (one of which is a one-roofed Kindergarten), 14 Primary Schools (3 of which are one roof), 1 Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, 6 Junior High Schools (2 of which are one roof Junior High School , 1 school using remote class), 1 Madrasah Tsanawiyah, 1 High School, 1 Vocational School with a special perspective kebaharian, and 1 Madrasah Tsanawiyah. At the beginning of 2009 the previous education management of the Basic Education Office only handles kindergarten, elementary, junior high school, while for Senior High School (SMA and SMK) still on the North Jakarta Education Office is changed to the District Education Office of Kepulauan Seribu District with SMA and SMK in the area of the thousand islands are put into the District Education Office of Kepulauan Seribu District Administration.
Trading
Fisheries are the main trading type in the Thousand Islands, but the value of existing trade has fallen due to too many fishing vessels operating in the area. In Pulau Pramuka and Pulau Untung Jawa are also available simple inn classmates commonly called Homestay.
Thousand Islands Marine National Park area
The Thousand Islands are designated as Marine National Park by Decree of the Minister of Forestry No. 162 / Kpts-II / 1995 and No. 6310 / Kpts-II / 2002 managed by Thousand Islands Marine Park National Park, Ministry of Forestry. The total area of 107,489 hectares with about 44 pieces of islands included into the national park. The islands of Thousand Islands National Park are ideal for snorkeling, swimming or diving.
The Thousand Islands have islands designated as nature reserve islands such as Pulau Rambut and Pulau Onrust which are designated as cultural heritage islands.
Transportation
Traveler
Transportation Tourists from Marina Ancol tourist jetty, Jakarta is served by speedboat boats owned or cooperated with resort island owners. Travel time from Marina Ancol tourist dock to the islands of the tourist destination depending on the distance, weather conditions, and speed of the ship used.
The boat departure from Marina Ancol to the resort islands are generally early morning at 08.00 or 09:00 and return from the resort islands to Marina Ancol at 13:30 or 14:00, depending on the destination resort island.
Public transportation is also available from Marina Ancol by ferry operated by the Thousand Islands District Administration Government called Transjakarta Dolphins and Grouper. With Transjakarta dolphins taken with a time of 3-3,5 hours while with Kerapau only 1.5 hours. However the grouper did not at all times operate. But unfortunately now Transjakarta Dolphins and Grouper is no longer operating.
Currently the transportation of various island destinations on the island of a thousand can use the boat from the dock 17 Marina Ancol. The price of this ferry tariff is relatively cheaper than using a boat rental. Ships used for crossings using speed boats (speedboat). The vessel will transit to some islands according to the passenger's order at that time. Ticket crossing to Bidadari island or Ayer island starts Rp.82.500, - per person oneway.
Ship Shuttle this boat will leave at 08.00 am (there is only one schedule). Boarding time 30 minutes before.
General public
Public Transportation from Muara Baru Port, Muara Angke, North Jakarta and Tanjung Pasir, Tangerang is served by scheduled ferry boat twice a week from Muara Baru to residential islands in Kep. One thousand, such as: P. Pramuka, P. Panggang and P. Coconut. There is also a fishing boat that can be rented from Muara Angke. Public transportation from Muara Angke is by boat belonging to the island community. The ships that lean on Muara Angke are the ships that serve routes to the Great Tidung Island, Panggang Island, Pramuka Island and Coconut Island. While the ship that rests on Tanjung Pasir, usually serve the route to the island of Untung Java.Pemberangkat from Muara Angke to these islands routine every day. to schedule to Tidung Island, usually leaving at 06.30 if normal, or earlier if the passenger is full before that time. Travel time from Muara Angke to Tidung Island about 2-2.5 hours.
In addition to Tanjung Pasir, Tangerang area which is also disandari by the ships of the Thousand Islands on a regular basis is the Port of Muara Cituis or Rawa Saban. In this harbor leaning ship with the destination to Tidung Island and Lancang Island which commute every day. Usually, the boat arrives from Pulau Tidung at 10.30 and returns to Tidung Island at 12:00 or 13:00, depending on the tides of sea water and wind conditions. The travel time from Swamp Saban to Tidung Island is about 1.5 to 2 hours.
Airport
On Pulau Panjang, there is a runway airport runway that is rarely exploited. This runway is a 900 meter grass lawn.
Island tourist destination
The farther the island is the tourist destination of the Jakarta Bay, the cleaner the beach and the surrounding sea. Here is a list of islands that have been developed into a resort island:
Kahyangan Island
Kahyangan Island is also called Pulau Cipir or Kuipir Island. This island is one of the islands in Kelurahan Untung Jawa, which has started to be arranged for tourist destination. On this island there is a relic of history, which is a fort built by the Dutch in the days of the VOC. Here there is a clear and clean fresh water source. Travel to Kahyangan Island can be reached by motor boat that is provided to navigate the route Marina Beach, Ancol, to the island of Kahyangan, go and go home.
Pulau Pabelokan
Pulau Pabelokan is the only one in the Thousand Islands that is at all times busy with business activities. Here there are office buildings, dormitories, docks, power stations, water purification and helipad platforms (helipad). This island by Pertamina made a kind of base camp, or offshore oil base equipped with various supporting facilities. In 1970, found oil resources off the coast of this island. Now, the bridge has been prepared to supply oil to tankers with computerized systems. Pulau Pabelokan this tebuat of coral cluster with an area of about 27 hectares.
Angel Island
Manado-style buoyancy cottages are typical of the nearby resort island of Marina Ancol (20 minutes by speedboat). On this island there are ruins of a Dutch fort named Martello Tower. This island is also called Pulau Sakit.
It is adjacent to Kahyangan Island. The extent of only a few square kilometers and to walk around it only takes an hour and a half. On this island there is a Portuguese heritage, which is a fort made in the 17th century. This island, in the Dutch period, used as a quarantine island. To get to this island only takes about 30 - 45 minutes by motor boat that routinely navigate the maritime route of Marina to and from Bidadari Island. In front of this island is Onrust Island.
Onrust Island
Onrust Island is also called Ship Island. Onrust in Dutch means not calm, or riot. This is because in his time the island always looks busy day and night there are workers who move. So that some of the inhabitants of the region such as Big Island and Island Untung Island called it as Busy Island. The extent is only 12 Ha but it keeps a long history story.
The island of Onrust has been famous since 1618, when the Dutch made it an important base. According to the captain of the ship Endeavor, Captain James T. Cook who stopped at Onrust in 1770, on this island there are sawmills and Dutch fortifications. British troops once invaded the island on November 8, 1800 and burned down all the buildings.
In 1803, the Dutch managed to rebuild all that in the ravaged England. In 1810, British troops again attacked the island and destroyed all Dutch buildings. But the Dutch rebuilt it even more completely with a harbor made of concrete.
The island is becoming increasingly important as a bustling port. Its role as a port began to recede when in 1883 Tanjung Priok Port replaced its function. Then, in 1911, Onrust Island switched function as a prison and quarantine post leprosy disease. When the war broke out between Germany and the Netherlands in 1939, the island was used by the Dutch as a place of captivity. Now, Onrust Island, also Pulau Cipir, Pulau Bidadari, Pulau Kelor and Edam Island, by the Government of Indonesia serve as the area of the Archaeological Park of Kepulauan Seribu Archaeological Park.
Edam Island
Edam Island or Damar Besar Island, by the people of Jakarta is also known as the Monkey Island. It is not far from Tanjung Priok. On this island stands up a lighthouse called Vast Licht, as high as 65 meters. This lighthouse, according to historical records, was built in 1879 with the permission of King ZM Willem II.
Kelor Island
Kelor Island, formerly known as Kherkof Island, is located adjacent to Onrust Island and Angel Island. The distance to Ancol Beach is about 1.8 kilometers or one hour boat cruise. On this island there are Dutch heritage in the form of shipyards and fortresses built VOC to face the Portuguese attack in the 17th century. Here also there is a grave Ship Seven or Sevent Provincien and crew members of the Indonesian nation that rebelled and eventually fell in the hands of the Dutch.Island of Hair
Rambut Island is also known as the Bird Kingdom Island. The extent of 45 hectares. The island is overgrown with lush mangrove forest and coral reefs are very beautiful. The Dutch call this island by the name of Nidelberg. In ordinary circumstances, an estimated 20,000 birds live on the island. In March to September, that number increased to up to 50,000 birds. The birds are thought to have come from Australia.
Bird Island by the Government is defined as a bird sanctuary, while nearby Bokor Island is defined as a marine reserve. Bird Island is located west of Jakarta.
Ayer Island
Ayer Island is nicknamed the Pearl of the Islands. The area is less than ten hectares, located adjacent to Marina Beach, Ancol and can be reached within 30 minutes by motor boat. This island began to visit since 1950. Even during his life, former President Sukarno make this Ayer Island as a resting place. Former President Sukarno has also invited former President Tito of Yugoslavia and former UN Secretary General, U Nu, to visit this island. Floating cottages on the water with ethnic style of Papua is the pride of resort island which is only 14 km (30 minutes) away from Marina Ancol. On the island is also available cottages located on the beach, night-time fishing facilities, jet ski and banana boat. This island is one of the islands in Kepulauan Seribu that have fresh water source.
Island of Puteri
Puteri Island lies to the north of the Thousand Islands. Because of its distance from Jakarta, it is more practical for people to reach it by using an airplane. From Kemayoran, a flight to Pulau Panjang is close to Puteri Island. From Pulau Panjang, the journey continues with a motor boat to Pulau Puteri. The location of Puteri Island is alienated and aloof from other islands. The beach is beautiful white sand.
On Puteri Island there are ornamental fish aquariums, underwater aquariums, tennis courts, and monitor lizards in mini zoos. The location of this island is quite far from Jakarta to make the sea around the island is ideal for swimming, snorkeling, and diving.
Sun Island
The island is closed for renovation. Pulau Matahari has two-storey cottages with luxurious rooms, and water sports and fishing facilities. The Sun Island has a helipad for resort guests who come by helicopter.
Sepa Island
Sepa Island has white sand beaches, clear ocean water, and sloping beaches. Pulai is a diving exercise for beginner divers to get an open water certificate. The island, about an hour and a half from Marina Ancol, is famous as an ideal place for swimming, diving, snorkeling or fishing. On the island is available water sports facilities and diving equipment rental.
Sepa Island is a breeding center of Hawksbill turtle (Eretnochelys imbricata) whose mouth shape resembles a bird's beak. P. Sepa has no fresh water source and the water available in the cottage bathroom is brackish water.
Pulau Pantara Barat and Pantara Timur
Both of these islands are well known as the ideal place for diving and snorkeling. The island which is about 2 hours from Marina Ancol was formerly known as Ghost Island. The development of Pantara Island was done by Japanese airlines.
The cottages with large glass-shaped windows provide unobstructed views of the outer cottages. On the island is available swimming pool, and water sports facilities such as jet skiing, windsurfing and banana boat.
Great Bira Island (Bira Island)
Bira Island has a 9 hole golf course, swimming pool, bike to get around the island, children's playground and fishing grounds. The island is 100 km from Marina Ancol.
Kotok Island
Kotok Island is an example of tropical atoll island with pristine vegetation, crystal clear sea and colorful coral reef formation that becomes the main destination of divers. This island is also as a conservation of birds Eagle elal which became the mascot of DKI Jakarta province.
Rainbow Island
Pelangi Island is one cluster with Pulau Puteri, Pulau Petondan, Sepa Island and Melinjo Island. Pelangi Island was founded in 1990 as one of the resorts in Kepulauan Seribu. The distance of this island from Marina Beach, Ancol, about 108 kilometers, about 90 minutes from the bustling city of Jakarta. Traditional architectural style Bungalows that reflect the original life of the island, scattered throughout the region with beautiful white sandy beaches. On the Island is available various facilities such as Glass Bottom Boat, Canoe, Banana Boat, Snorkling, Scuba Dive, Fishing equipment, Jogging Track and Casual Bicycles.
Cottages
There are 32 Cottage units consisting of Tulip type (9 units), Jasmin cottages (12 units), Bougenville cottages (12 units) and Edelweiss type (1 unit).
The departure of tourists to the island of Pelangi through the beach Mutiara R1 at 08.00 am. travel time 90 minutes. Packages to the island of Pelangi are available among others; all-inclusive stay package, Own boat and Day tour package.
Pulau Papa Theo
Papa Theo Island or Pulau Pebondan Timur lies in the same cluster as Pulau Kelor and Pulau Kelapa. The extent of eight hectares, and its distance from Marina Beach, Ancol about 108 kilometers. Papa Theo's name is given on this island based on a call (call sign) radio between residents.
Laki Island
Laki Island is a marine tourism area that opened in 1988 and soon visited. Nearby are Laki Island and Pulau Laki Kecil. Laki Island is about 30 hectares. To go to Laki Island, more practical when boarding a motor boat from Mauk Beach, Sepatan, Tangerang. When the speed boat, from Mauk takes about 25 minutes. In Pulau Laki Besar and Laki Kecil campsites are available.
Pamagaran Island
The area of the island is about 16 hectares with a coral reef ring that extends as far as a kilometer to the middle of the sea that surrounds the island. The length is 1.7 kilometers. The widest part is 300 meters and narrowed about 40 meters. In the narrowest part of the building is a hexagon building as a lodging facility. The forest is quite dense, dominated by lamtoro gung and angsana. On this island was once released thousands of birds turtledove, tekukur, bulam and starlings. There are also marine research stations and telecommunication facilities to Jakarta. Distance of this island from Marina Beach, Ancol, about 38 kilometers.
Sabira Island
The island of Sabira by the Dutch is called Noord Wachter which means the northern guard. The name was given to see that Sabira Island is the most northerly island among the other islands in the Thousand Islands. Its distance from the north coast of Jakarta 126 kilometers. The extent of ten hectares. Around the island there is a white rock. The most plants in this island are coconut and breadfruit. There is a 60 meter high lighthouse on the island. The lighthouse was built on the order of King ZM Willem III in 1869. At the door of the lighthouse there is an inscription that reads Onder de regering van Z. Willem III Koning der Nederlander enz. opgericht voor draailicht 1869.
Pulau Saktu and Pulau Penike
It is located 81 kilometers from Ancol Beach. To reach it by ship from Tanjung Priok Port, it takes three hours. The island of Saktu has breathtaking scenery, surrounded by white sandy beaches with palm-fringed tropical lagoon and lagoon. On this island there is a lighthouse made by an expert from Indonesia in 1981. Lighthouse was constructed from iron with a height of 60 meters.
Flora & Fauna
Flora
In addition to coconut (Cocos nucifera), fires (Avicennia) and mangroves (Rhizophora), plants commonly found in the Thousand Islands are coastal plants such as nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum), Morinda citrifolia, waru (Hibiscus tiliaceus), pandanus Pandanus sp.), Sea cypress (Casuarina equisetifolia), butun (Barringtonia asiatica), bogem (Bruguiera sp.), Ketapang (Terminalia cattapa), kecundang (Cerbera odollam), and breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis).
Fauna
The Thousand Islands have two types of turtles protected by Government Regulation No. 7/1999 and are included in the Appendix I Cites (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Wild Flora Fauna Species), and IUCN Red Data Book (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) namely the hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata) and the green turtle (Chelonia mydas)
monitor lizard (Varanus salvator)
eagle bondol (Haliastur indus)
Snake birds (Anhinga anhinga),
roko-roko (Plegadis falcneleus)
small blue prawn king (Halcyon chloris)
Taliwangsa snake or golden ring serpent (Boiga dendrophila)
Python (Python)
wildlife sanctuary on the island of hair and the island of bokor
In the sea there is a high diversity of species of tropical Indo-Pacific tropical animals, especially species of corals, molluscs, echinoderms and fish. The type of coral that is often found is coral meat (Porites lobata) which are mostly purple, brown and yellowish; various coral species of the Acropora genus, which is shaped like deer's horn, fan or shrub - this type of coral is also cultivated on a relatively large scale on Pramuka Island and other islands for the conservation and international trade of its beautiful colors; These corals include (but are not limited to) Acropora formosa, A. valida, A. hyacinthus, A. echinata, A. humilis, A. millepora, and A. cytherea. Can also be found coral fire (Millepora spp.) Is yellow to brownish orange that has a high sting power.
Ekinodermata are often found blue starfish (Linckia laevigata), breads (Culcita novaeguineae) which is a starfish that resembles a five-sided cushion, sand star (Archaster typicus), feather star (Oxycomanthus bennetti) and long-spiked feathers or fur djane (Diadema setosum) that covers large areas in shallow water. These pigs have brittle spines and will break inside if embedded in the skin.
The molluscs are represented by tedong-tedong (Lambis spp.), Rounded milk lollies (Trochus niloticus), conical mammorata (Conus marmorata) of various types of clams (Tridacna spp.), Sandy clippings (Hippopus hippopus), Octopus spp. cuttlefish (Sepia latimanus). Nevertheless, the other clams of sand and other kima-kima previously found in many islands are threatened locally due to overcrowding collections. Now, only a few clams of sand are found on Pramuka Island and only Kima diggers (Tridacna crocea) can be found in the waters of the island. Fish can be found in various ways, including sergeant major (Abudefduf saxatilis) and betok (Pomacentrus spp.). Recently, overcollections for aquariums and fish trade have made the populations of various species plummet in places with high capture pressure.
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