Saman Dance is a typical Gayo tribe dance performed to celebrate important events in adat. Poetry in saman dance using Gayo Language. In addition, this dance is usually performed to celebrate the birth of Prophet Muhammad SAW. In some literature the saman dance in Aceh was established and developed by Syekh Saman, a scholar from Gayo in Southeast Aceh. Saman Dance was set by UNESCO as the List of Intellectual Cultural Heritage Representative in the 6th Session of the Intergovernmental Committee for the Protection of Cultural Heritage of UNESCO No objects in Bali, 24 November 2011.
Meaning and Function
Saman Dance is one of the media for message achievement (da'wah). This dance reflects education, religion, manners, heroism, cohesiveness and togetherness.
Before the saman starts as a mukaddimah or opening, a clever older or adat leader represents the local community (keketar) or useful advice to the performers and the audience.
Songs and verses of the disclosure together and continuous, the players consist of men who are still young by wearing custom clothing. The presentation of the dance can also be performed, contested between the group of guests with a group of two (two groups). Assessment focuses on the ability of each group to follow the motion, dance and song (syair) presented by the opponent.
Choir
Saman dance is usually performed not using musical accompaniment, but using the sounds of the dancers and their applause are usually combined by beating their chest and groin as a synchronization and flung the body in different directions. This dance is guided by a leader who is commonly called a sheikh. Because uniformity of formation and timeliness is a must in performing this dance, the dancers are required to have high concentration and serious training in order to perform perfectly. This dance is especially danced by men.
In ancient times, this dance was performed in a certain customary event, among them in a ceremony commemorating the day of the Prophet Muhammad's mawlid. In addition, especially in contemporary contexts, the dance is also performed at official occasions, such as visits of guests between districts and countries, or in the opening of a festival and other events.
Song
The singing of the dancers adds to the dynamism of the saman dance. How to sing songs in the dance saman divided into 5 kinds:
- Rengum, which is the roar that begins with the lifter.
- Ringing, which is a rattle immediately followed by all dancers.
- Redet, which is a short song with a short voice sung by a dancer in the middle of the dance.
- The shaykh, a song sung by a dancer in a high-pitched voice, usually as a sign of change of motion.
- Saur, a song repeated together by all dancers after being sung by a solo dancer.
Movement
Saman dance uses two elements of motion that became the basic element in saman dance, namely applause and chest. Allegedly, while spreading Islam, Syekh Saman studied ancient Malay dance, then brought back through the motion accompanied by Islamic da'wah poems for the sake of enslaving his da'wah. In contemporary context, this religious ritual dance is still used as a medium to convey messages da'wah through performances.
Saman dance is one of the most unique dances, because it only displays the movements of other movements of applause, such as shaking, kirep, lingang, sap-filter (all of this movement using the Gayo language)
Dancer
In general, saman dance is played by dozens or dozens of men, but the number must be odd. Another opinion said the dance was danced by more than 10 people, with details of 8 dancers and 2 people as a giver of cue while singing. However, in the development of the modern era that requires that a dance will be more vibrant when danced by a number of dancers. To organize various movements, a leader called a sheikh was appointed. In addition to arranging the movements of the dancers, sheikh also served to sing samanir samanir saman song, namely ganit.
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